Fujian Key Laboratory of Coastal Pollution Prevention and Control, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds, School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
J Environ Manage. 2023 Nov 1;345:118725. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118725. Epub 2023 Aug 2.
Water security is a critical concern due to intensifying anthropogenic activities and climate change. Delineating a water-related ecological security pattern can help to optimize spatial configuration, which in turn can inform sustainable water management. However, the methodology remains unclear. In this study, we developed a framework linking ecosystem service flow to water-related ecological security pattern; hence, we identified the sources, sinks, key corridors, and vulnerable nodes in Fujian Province, China. Our results revealed that the sources were located inland at high altitudes with a decreasing area trend in the south and an increasing area trend in the north, whereas the sinks were spread in coastal areas and exhibited a decreasing trend with relatively stable spatial distribution. The water-related ecological security has degraded as represented by a decreasing ecological supply-demand ratio over the last 30 years. Key corridors were identified in 17.12% of the rivers, and 22.5% of the vulnerable nodes were recognized as early warning nodes. Climate variability affected source distribution, while anthropogenic activities drove sink dynamics. These findings have important implications including landscape pattern planning and sustainable water management in the context of accelerated land use/cover and climate changes.
由于人为活动和气候变化的加剧，水安全是一个关键问题。划定与水有关的生态安全格局有助于优化空间配置，从而为可持续水资源管理提供信息。然而，该方法仍不清楚。在本研究中，我们开发了一个将生态系统服务流与与水有关的生态安全格局联系起来的框架；因此，我们确定了中国福建省的水源、汇、关键走廊和脆弱节点。我们的结果表明，水源位于内陆高海拔地区，南部面积呈下降趋势，北部面积呈上升趋势，而汇则分布在沿海地区，面积呈下降趋势，空间分布相对稳定。过去 30 年来，生态供需比不断下降，表明水相关生态安全状况恶化。在 17.12%的河流中确定了关键走廊，22.5%的脆弱节点被确定为预警节点。气候变异性影响了水源的分布，而人为活动则推动了汇的动态变化。这些发现对于包括景观格局规划和可持续水资源管理在内的，在加速土地利用/覆盖和气候变化背景下具有重要意义。
