School of Tourism and Geography Science, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Nov 22;18(22):12249. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182212249.
Increasing land utilization, population aggregation and strong land-sea interaction make coastal areas an ecologically fragile environment. The construction of an ecological security pattern is important for maintaining the function of the coastal ecosystem. This paper takes Jiaodong Peninsula in China, a hilly coastal area, as an example for evaluating landscape ecological risk within a comprehensive framework of "nature-neighborhood-landscape", based on spatial principal component analysis, and it constructs the ecological security pattern based on the minimum cumulative resistance model (MCR). The results showed that the overall level of ecological risk in the study area was medium. The connectivity between the areas of low landscape ecological risk was relatively low, and the high risk areas were concentrated in the north of the Peninsula. A total of 11 key ecological corridors of three types (water, green space and road corridors) and 105 potential corridors were constructed. According to the ecological network pattern, landscape ecological optimization suggestions were proposed: key corridors in the north and south of Jiaodong Peninsula should be connected; urban development should consider current ecological sources and corridors to prevent landscape fragmentation; and the ecological roles of potential corridors should be strengthened. This paper can provide a theoretical and practical basis for ecological planning and urban master planning in coastal areas in the future.
增加土地利用、人口聚集和强烈的陆海相互作用，使沿海地区成为生态脆弱环境。构建生态安全格局对于维护沿海生态系统的功能至关重要。本文以中国丘陵海岸带的胶东半岛为例，在“自然-邻里-景观”的综合框架内，基于空间主成分分析，对景观生态风险进行评价，并基于最小累积阻力模型（MCR）构建生态安全格局。结果表明，研究区整体生态风险水平处于中等水平。低景观生态风险区之间的连通性相对较低，而高风险区则集中在半岛北部。共构建了 11 条三类（水、绿地和道路走廊）关键生态走廊和 105 条潜在走廊。根据生态网络格局，提出了景观生态优化建议：连接胶东半岛南北的关键走廊；城市发展应考虑当前的生态源和走廊，以防止景观破碎化；并加强潜在走廊的生态作用。本文可为未来沿海地区的生态规划和城市总体规划提供理论和实践依据。
