Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change, Adenauerallee 127, 53113, Bonn, Germany; Aquatic Ecosystem Research, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstrasse 5, 45141, Essen, Germany.
Aquatic Ecosystem Research, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstrasse 5, 45141, Essen, Germany; Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstrasse 2, 45141, Essen, Germany.
Environ Pollut. 2023 Oct 15;335:122306. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122306. Epub 2023 Aug 2.
Pesticides are major agricultural stressors for freshwater species. Exposure to pesticides can disrupt the biotic integrity of freshwater ecosystems and impair associated ecosystem functions. Unfortunately, physiological mechanisms through which pesticides affect aquatic organisms are largely unknown. For example, the widely-used insecticide chlorantraniliprole is supposed to be highly selective for target pest species, i.e. Lepidoptera (butterflies), but its effect in aquatic non-target taxa is poorly studied. Using RNA-sequencing data, we quantified the insecticide effect on three aquatic invertebrate species: the caddisfly Lepidostoma basale, the mayfly Ephemera danica and the amphipod Gammarus pulex. Further, we tested how the insecticide-induced transcriptional response is modulated by biotic interaction between the two leaf-shredding species L. basale and G. pulex. While G. pulex was only weakly affected by chlorantraniliprole exposure, we detected strong transcriptional responses in L. basale and E. danica, implying that the stressor receptors are conserved between the target taxon Lepidoptera and other insect groups. We found in both insect species evidence for alterations of the developmental program. If transcriptional changes in the developmental program induce alterations in emergence phenology, pronounced effects on food web dynamics in a cross-ecosystem context are expected.
农药是影响淡水物种的主要农业胁迫因素。接触农药会破坏淡水生态系统的生物完整性，并损害相关的生态系统功能。不幸的是，农药影响水生生物的生理机制在很大程度上是未知的。例如，广泛使用的杀虫剂氯虫苯甲酰胺被认为对目标害虫物种（鳞翅目（蝴蝶））具有高度选择性，但对水生非目标类群的影响研究甚少。使用 RNA 测序数据，我们量化了杀虫剂对三种水生无脊椎动物物种的影响：石蛾 Lepidostoma basale、蜉蝣 Ephemera danica 和片脚类动物 Gammarus pulex。此外，我们测试了杀虫剂诱导的转录反应如何被两种叶片撕碎物种 L. basale 和 G. pulex 之间的生物相互作用所调节。虽然 G. pulex 仅受到氯虫苯甲酰胺暴露的微弱影响，但我们在 L. basale 和 E. danica 中检测到强烈的转录反应，这意味着胁迫受体在目标分类鳞翅目和其他昆虫群之间是保守的。我们在两种昆虫中都发现了发育程序改变的证据。如果发育程序中的转录变化导致出现表型的改变，那么在跨生态系统的背景下，对食物网动态的影响预计会非常显著。
