Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital of El Bierzo, Leon, Spain.
Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain.
Med Clin (Barc). 2023 Dec 7;161(11):470-475. doi: 10.1016/j.medcli.2023.06.027. Epub 2023 Aug 3.
We aimed to evaluate the differences in some cardiovascular risk (CVR) factors between adult patients without and with phenylketonuria (PKU) and to explore the correlation between waist circumference (WC) and body mass index (BMI) with the previous variables.
This was an observational case-control study that included patients older than 18 years with a diagnosis of classic PKU. The controls were age- and sex-matched individuals. We collected demographic, epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory variables, including WC, BMI, and lipid profile parameters.
A total of 72 patients (25 controls and 47 cases) were included with a mean age of 36 years, of which 45 (62%) were women. Adult PKU patients showed lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) and higher triglyceride (TG) levels than the control group. We found an association between WC and uric acid (B=0.024, P=0.013, 95%CI: 0.005-0.043), TG (B=0.768, P=0.024, 95%CI: 0.107-1.428), and HDL-c (B=-0.254, P=0.026, 95%CI: -0.477 to (-0.032)) levels in PKU patients. However, we did not find any trend between WC and uric acid, TG and HDL-c levels that reached statistical significance (P<0.05) in patients without PKU.
Waist circumference rather than BMI may better represent the CVR in patients with PKU.
本研究旨在评估成年苯丙酮尿症（PKU）患者与非 PKU 患者间某些心血管风险（CVR）因素的差异，并探讨腰围（WC）和体重指数（BMI）与这些变量的相关性。
本研究为观察性病例对照研究，纳入年龄大于 18 岁且确诊为经典 PKU 的患者。对照组为年龄和性别匹配的个体。我们收集了人口统计学、流行病学、临床和实验室变量，包括 WC、BMI 和血脂参数。
共纳入 72 例患者（25 例对照和 47 例病例），平均年龄为 36 岁，其中 45 例（62%）为女性。成年 PKU 患者的高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-c）水平较低，甘油三酯（TG）水平较高。我们发现 WC 与尿酸（B=0.024，P=0.013，95%CI：0.005-0.043）、TG（B=0.768，P=0.024，95%CI：0.107-1.428）和 HDL-c（B=-0.254，P=0.026，95%CI：-0.477 至-0.032）之间存在关联。然而，我们并未发现 PKU 患者 WC 与尿酸、TG 和 HDL-c 水平之间存在任何趋势，且这种趋势未达到统计学意义（P<0.05）。
与 BMI 相比，WC 可能更能代表 PKU 患者的 CVR。
