Department of Mental Health Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Mental Health Center and West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Med-X Center for Informatics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Department of Mental Health Center and West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Med-X Center for Informatics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
J Affect Disord. 2023 Nov 1;340:930-937. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.08.009. Epub 2023 Aug 3.
Gender differences in mental health emerge in adolescence. The timing coincides with the development of premenstrual disorders (PMDs). Here, we examine the association between PMDs and adolescent mental health in the context of gender differences.
A cross-sectional analysis comprising 21,239[10,563 (49.7 %) girls] individuals aged 10-19 years from the Santai Youth Mental Health Promotion Cohort in China. Possible PMDs, major depression disorder (MDD), general anxiety disorder (GAD), history of self-injury, and high suicide-risk status were surveyed using standard questionnaires. We used logistic regression to contrast the prevalence of outcomes between girls with and without PMDs, and boys.
The prevalence rates of possible MDD and GAD were comparable between girls without PMDs and boys [OR1.03 (0.96-1.11) and 0.99 (0.92-1.07)], whereas a higher burden was observed in girls with PMDs [OR4.76(4.31-5.26) and 3.86(3.50-4.27), respectively]. Moreover, MDD/GAD prevalence among premenarchal girls was comparable to their peer boys. Greater gender differences in self-injury and high suicide-risk status were also found for girls with PMDs [OR 4.70 (4.22-5.24) and 7.49 (6.6-8.5)] than that for girls without PMDs [OR1.45(1.33-1.59) and 1.81 (1.62-2.03)].
Girls with PMDs may have overreported depressive and/or anxiety symptoms due to the overlap of symptomology.
The greater gender differences in adolescent mental ill-health among girls with PMDs lend support to the hypothesis that PMDs play an important role in the gender disparities in adolescent mental health, particularly in depression and anxiety.
心理健康方面的性别差异出现在青春期。这个时间正好与经前期障碍（PMD）的发展相吻合。在这里，我们在性别差异的背景下研究 PMD 与青少年心理健康之间的关系。
这是一项横断面分析，纳入了来自中国 Santai 青少年心理健康促进队列的 21239 名年龄在 10-19 岁的个体[其中 10563 名（49.7%）为女孩]。使用标准问卷调查可能的 PMD、重度抑郁症（MDD）、广泛性焦虑症（GAD）、自残史和高自杀风险状态。我们使用逻辑回归对比了有无 PMD 的女孩与男孩之间结局的患病率。
无 PMD 的女孩和男孩的 MDD 和 GAD 患病率相当[比值比（OR）1.03（0.96-1.11）和 0.99（0.92-1.07)]，而有 PMD 的女孩的负担更高[OR 分别为 4.76（4.31-5.26）和 3.86（3.50-4.27)]。此外，月经初潮前女孩的 MDD/GAD 患病率与同龄男孩相当。对于有 PMD 的女孩，自残和高自杀风险状态的性别差异也更大[OR 分别为 4.70（4.22-5.24）和 7.49（6.6-8.5)]，而无 PMD 的女孩为[OR 分别为 1.45（1.33-1.59）和 1.81（1.62-2.03)]。
有 PMD 的女孩可能由于症状重叠而过度报告抑郁和/或焦虑症状。
有 PMD 的女孩在青少年心理健康不良方面的更大性别差异支持了 PMD 在青少年心理健康性别差异中发挥重要作用的假设，尤其是在抑郁和焦虑方面。
