Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, The Hashemite University, P.O. Box 330127, Zarqa, 13133, Jordan.
Science of Nutrition and Dietetics Program, College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, 64141, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
Sci Rep. 2023 Aug 5;13(1):12736. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-39900-1.
Jordan has never conducted a nutrition survey to determine nutrient and energy intakes. The current study aimed to describe the energy and macronutrient consumed by the Jordanian population. A cross-sectional food consumption study was conducted, including a sample of Jordanians using two non-consecutive 24-h dietary recalls (24-h DR) between October 2021 and March 2022. A total of 2145 males and females aged 8 to 85 years old living in households were studied. The average of two 24-h DRs for each individual was converted into energy and nutrient intakes. After measuring weight, height, and waist circumference, the body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were calculated. The percentage of under-reporters was higher in women than men (58.2% vs. 45.9%). Adults and older adult women had the highest prevalence of obesity (29.6%), while adults and older adult men had the highest prevalence of overweight (41.4%). There is a significant increase in energy intake in children, boys, and all adults, compared to the recommended calories. The mean energy percentage (E %) of total fat was 38%, exceeding the upper limit of the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR). At the same time, the mean daily dietary fiber intake fell below the recommended levels (ranging from 13.5 g in children to 19.5 g in older adults). The study population consumes more fat and less fiber than the recommended levels. Actions must be taken across all age groups to correct the deviation of energy and macronutrient intakes from the recommended dietary allowances.
约旦从未进行过营养调查以确定营养素和能量摄入量。本研究旨在描述约旦人口的能量和主要营养素的摄入量。进行了一项横断面食物消费研究，包括使用 2021 年 10 月至 2022 年 3 月之间的两次非连续 24 小时膳食回忆（24-h DR）的约旦人样本。共研究了 2145 名年龄在 8 至 85 岁之间居住在家庭中的男性和女性。将每个人的两次 24-h DR 的平均值转换为能量和营养素摄入量。在测量体重、身高和腰围后，计算了体重指数（BMI）和腰高比（WHtR）。女性的低报率高于男性（58.2%比 45.9%）。成年女性和老年女性的肥胖患病率最高（29.6%），而成年男性和老年男性的超重患病率最高（41.4%）。与推荐卡路里相比，儿童、男孩和所有成年人的能量摄入量均有显著增加。总脂肪的平均能量百分比（E%）为 38%，超过可接受的宏量营养素分布范围（AMDR）的上限。同时，膳食纤维的平均日摄入量低于推荐水平（从儿童的 13.5g 到老年人的 19.5g 不等）。研究人群消耗的脂肪多于推荐水平，膳食纤维则低于推荐水平。必须在所有年龄段采取行动，以纠正能量和宏量营养素摄入量与推荐膳食摄入量的偏差。
