Aghamohammadi Amir, Foulaadvand M Ebrahim
Faculty of Physics, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, 45371-38791, Iran.
Sci Rep. 2023 Aug 5;13(1):12712. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-39892-y.
We investigate the optimal orientation for a fixed flat plate solar collector using the clear sky model. The ground reflection component of irradiation that hits the collector's surface is ignored due to its relatively small magnitude when compared to the direct beam and sky diffusive components. Analytical calculations demonstrate that regardless of the collector's latitude, the most effective azimuthal angle, [Formula: see text], is 0, which generally corresponds to a North-South direction. However, the optimal tilt angle, [Formula: see text], is dependent on both the Day of Year (DoY) and the collector's local latitude. For latitudes typical of mid-altitude climate zones, we can calculate the optimal tilt angle and the maximum energy that the collector can harvest during each DoY. We compare the maximum daily received energy-which is the sum of the direct beam and sky diffusive energies-associated with this optimal orientation to their corresponding values when the flat plate tracks the Sun. The relative increase in total energy due to Sun tracking depends critically on the DoY, with a minimum value of about [Formula: see text] in early winter and a maximum value of [Formula: see text] over a large interval.
我们使用晴空模型研究固定平板太阳能集热器的最佳朝向。与直射光束和天空漫射分量相比，照射到集热器表面的地面反射分量由于其幅度相对较小而被忽略。分析计算表明，无论集热器的纬度如何，最有效的方位角[公式：见原文]为0，这通常对应于南北方向。然而，最佳倾斜角[公式：见原文]取决于一年中的日期（DoY）和集热器的当地纬度。对于中纬度气候区的典型纬度，我们可以计算出最佳倾斜角以及集热器在每个DoY期间可以收集的最大能量。我们将与这种最佳朝向相关的最大日接收能量（即直射光束和天空漫射能量之和）与其在平板跟踪太阳时的对应值进行比较。由于太阳跟踪导致的总能量相对增加主要取决于DoY，在初冬时最小值约为[公式：见原文]，在很大的区间内最大值为[公式：见原文]。
