NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115, USA.
School of Oceanography, University of Washington, 1503 Boat Street, Box 357940, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
Harmful Algae. 2023 Aug;127:102480. doi: 10.1016/j.hal.2023.102480. Epub 2023 Jul 14.
A bulletin communicating risk of toxic Pseudo-nitzschia blooms to shellfish harvest along the open coast of the Pacific Northwest region of the United States (the northeast Pacific Ocean spanning Washington and Oregon) is discussed. This Pacific Northwest Harmful Algal Blooms (PNW HAB) Bulletin is designed for shellfish managers with a focus on the razor clam fishery, but may also be informative to managers of the Dungeness crab fishery since domoic acid accumulation in crabs tends to lag accumulation in razor clams by a couple of weeks. The Bulletin complements beach phytoplankton monitoring programs by alerting coastal shellfish managers about adverse environmental conditions that could be conducive to a toxic Pseudo-nitzschia bloom. Beach monitoring programs are effective at determining when toxins have arrived at shellfish beaches, but a risk forecast based on near real-time biophysical information can provide managers with additional forewarning about potential future toxin outbreaks. Here, the approaches taken in constructing the risk forecasts, along with the reasoning and research behind them are presented. Updates to a historical PNW HAB Bulletin are described, as are the current workflow and the individual components of the updated Bulletin. Some successes and failures realized throughout the process are also pointed out for the benefit of the broader community. A self-assessment suggests that when the necessary data sources are available, the PNW HAB Bulletin provides an accurate forecast of risk associated with toxic Pseudo-nitzschia blooms. The Bulletin has proven beneficial to coastal shellfish managers by better informing decisions on sample collection, and harvest limits, openings, extensions, and closures.
讨论了一份通报，该通报旨在向美国太平洋西北地区（东北太平洋，包括华盛顿州和俄勒冈州）开阔海域的贝类捕捞者传达有毒拟菱形藻水华的风险。这份太平洋西北有害藻华（PNW HAB）通报专为贝类管理者设计，重点关注 razor clam 渔业，但对于 Dungeness 蟹渔业的管理者也可能具有参考价值，因为蟹体内的软骨藻酸积累往往滞后于 razor clam 体内的积累数周。该通报通过提醒沿海贝类管理者注意可能有利于有毒拟菱形藻水华形成的不利环境条件，为贝类海滩浮游植物监测计划提供了补充。海滩监测计划可有效确定毒素何时到达贝类海滩，但基于近实时生物物理信息的风险预测可为管理者提供有关潜在未来毒素爆发的额外预警。在此，介绍了构建风险预测所采用的方法，以及背后的推理和研究。描述了对历史 PNW HAB 通报的更新，以及当前的工作流程和更新通报的各个组成部分。还为更广泛的社区指出了整个过程中实现的一些成功和失败。自我评价表明，当有可用的必要数据源时，PNW HAB 通报可准确预测与有毒拟菱形藻水华相关的风险。该通报通过更好地为样本采集和收获限制、开放、延长和关闭决策提供信息，对沿海贝类管理者非常有益。
