Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea.
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Allergol Int. 2024 Jan;73(1):107-114. doi: 10.1016/j.alit.2023.07.005. Epub 2023 Aug 5.
The association of allergic diseases such as allergic rhinitis, asthma, and atopic dermatitis with Parkinson's disease (PD) risk is yet unclear. In the few preceding studies, a short follow-up duration was followed for a relatively small study population, and lifestyle behaviors were not adjusted for. Therefore, there is a need for large-scale observation studies on the association of allergic disease with PD risk after considering lifestyle behaviors.
The study population consisted of 398,936 participants aged 40 years or older who underwent health screening before 1 January 2005 from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database. Starting from 1 January 2005, all participants were followed up until the date of PD event, death, or 31 December 2019. The adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the risk of PD were calculated using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression.
Compared to non-allergic disease participants, allergic disease patients had a higher risk for PD (aHR 1.18, 95% CI 1.07-1.30) and especially, allergic rhinitis patients had a higher risk for PD (aHR 1.14, 95% CI 1.00-1.29). Allergic disease was associated with a higher risk for PD (aHR 1.24, 95% CI 1.01-1.52) among participants who were never smokers, did not consume alcohol, and exercised regularly.
Allergic rhinitis was associated with a higher risk for PD compared to participants without allergic rhinitis. This risk-increasing association of allergic rhinitis with PD was preserved even among people with healthy lifestyle behaviors.
过敏性疾病（如过敏性鼻炎、哮喘和特应性皮炎）与帕金森病（PD）风险之间的关联尚不清楚。在之前的少数研究中，随访时间较短，研究人群相对较小，且未调整生活方式行为。因此，需要在考虑生活方式行为的情况下，对过敏性疾病与 PD 风险之间的关联进行大规模观察研究。
研究人群由 398936 名年龄在 40 岁或以上的参与者组成，他们在 2005 年 1 月 1 日前参加了韩国国家健康保险服务数据库的健康筛查。自 2005 年 1 月 1 日起，所有参与者均随访至 PD 事件、死亡或 2019 年 12 月 31 日。使用多变量 Cox 比例风险回归计算 PD 风险的调整后的危险比（aHR）和 95%置信区间（CI）。
与非过敏性疾病参与者相比，过敏性疾病患者 PD 的风险更高（aHR 1.18，95%CI 1.07-1.30），特别是过敏性鼻炎患者 PD 的风险更高（aHR 1.14，95%CI 1.00-1.29）。在从不吸烟者、不饮酒且经常锻炼的参与者中，过敏性疾病与 PD 的风险更高（aHR 1.24，95%CI 1.01-1.52）。
与无过敏性鼻炎的参与者相比，过敏性鼻炎与 PD 的风险更高。这种过敏性鼻炎与 PD 之间的风险增加关联在生活方式健康的人群中仍然存在。
