University of Yaounde I Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Pediatrics; Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstetric and pediatric Hospital, pediatrics.
University of Yaounde I Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences.
Afr Health Sci. 2023 Mar;23(1):686-692. doi: 10.4314/ahs.v23i1.73.
The purpose of this study was to describe the anomalies observed on imaging for developmental delay in black African children.
It was a descriptive cross-sectional study, which included children aged between 1 month to 6 years with developmental delay and had done a brain MRI and/or CT scan.
We included 94 children, 60.6% of whom were males. The mean age was 32.5 ± 6.8 months. A history of perinatal asphyxia found in 55.3% of cases. According to the Denver developmental II scale, profound developmental delay observed in 35.1% of cases, and severe developmental delay in 25.5%. DD was isolated in 2.1% of cases and associated with cerebral palsy, pyramidal syndrome, and microcephaly in respectively 83%, 79.8%, and 46.8% of cases. Brain CT scan and MRI accounted for 85.1% and 14.9% respectively. The tests were abnormal in 78.7% of the cases, and cerebral atrophy was the preponderant anomaly (cortical atrophy = 80%, subcortical atrophy = 69.3%). Epileptic patients were 4 times more likely to have abnormal brain imaging (OR = 4.12 and p = 0.05),. We did not find a link between the severity of psychomotor delay and the presence of significant anomalies in imaging.
In our context, there is a high prevalence of organic anomalies in the imaging of psychomotor delay, which were dominated by cerebral atrophy secondary to hypoxic ischemic events.
本研究旨在描述非洲黑人儿童发育迟缓的影像学表现。
这是一项描述性的横断面研究，纳入了年龄在 1 个月至 6 岁之间、伴有发育迟缓且已行脑部 MRI 和/或 CT 扫描的儿童。
共纳入 94 名儿童，其中 60.6%为男性，平均年龄为 32.5 ± 6.8 个月。55.3%的患儿有围产期窒息史。根据丹佛发育 II 量表，35.1%的患儿存在严重发育迟缓，25.5%的患儿存在重度发育迟缓。2.1%的患儿孤立性发育迟缓，分别有 83%、79.8%和 46.8%的患儿合并脑瘫、锥体外系综合征和小头畸形。脑 CT 扫描和 MRI 的检出率分别为 85.1%和 14.9%。78.7%的患儿检查结果异常，以脑萎缩为主（皮质萎缩=80%，皮质下萎缩=69.3%）。癫痫患儿脑影像学异常的可能性是正常患儿的 4 倍（OR=4.12，p=0.05）。我们未发现精神运动迟缓的严重程度与影像学异常之间存在关联。
在我们的环境中，精神运动迟缓患儿的影像学检查存在较高的器质性异常发生率，以缺氧缺血性事件继发的脑萎缩为主。
