Assefa Alemayehu, Abiye Alfoalem Araba, Tadesse Tamrat Assefa, Woldu Minyahil
Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Drug Healthc Patient Saf. 2023 May 19;15:93-102. doi: 10.2147/DHPS.S395037. eCollection 2023.
Despite its importance as a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, dyslipidemia remains poorly characterized in the African population.
To assess the prevalence and factors associated with dyslipidemia in people with HIV/AIDS in follow-up at Zewditu Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
A hospital-based retrospective cross-sectional study evaluated the charts of 288 people living with HIV/AIDS who had received Highly Active Antiretroviral Treatment for at least six months at Zewditu Memorial Hospital from July to September 2021. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected from the patient's charts. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences software version 25.
The overall prevalence of dyslipidemia was 55.2% in people living with HIV/AIDS. The prevalence of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol <40 mg/dl in men and <50 in women was 46.9%; total cholesterol ≥200 mg/dl was 22.6%; triglycerides ≥150 mg/dl was 18.8%, and low-density lipoprotein ≥130 mg/dl was 4.9%. Sex [Female adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 0.595, 95% CI: 0.37-0.956], age greater than 40 years (AOR = 1.026, 95% CI: 1.005-1.048), body mass index >25 kg/m (AOR = 1.767, 95% CI: 1.099-2.84), viral load >50 (AOR = 0.477, 95% CI: 0.27-0.842), and CD4 <500 (AOR = 1.938, 95% CI: 1.18-3.183) were identified as determinants of dyslipidemia.
There was a high prevalence of dyslipidemia among study participants compared to several studies published in a similar population. Being male, older age, higher BMI, low CD4 count, and viral load of < 50 copies/mL were associated with dyslipidemia in people living with HIV/AIDS. Therefore, lipid profile measurements at baseline must be part of routine care to prevent the devastating effects of dyslipidemia.
尽管血脂异常作为心血管疾病的主要危险因素很重要，但在非洲人群中其特征仍未得到充分描述。
评估埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴泽韦迪图纪念医院接受随访的艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者中血脂异常的患病率及相关因素。
一项基于医院的回顾性横断面研究评估了2021年7月至9月在泽韦迪图纪念医院接受至少六个月高效抗逆转录病毒治疗的288名艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者的病历。从患者病历中收集社会人口学和临床数据。使用社会科学统计软件包25版进行统计分析。
艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者中血脂异常的总体患病率为55.2%。男性高密度脂蛋白胆固醇<40mg/dl且女性<50mg/dl的患病率为46.9%；总胆固醇≥200mg/dl为22.6%；甘油三酯≥150mg/dl为18.8%，低密度脂蛋白≥130mg/dl为4.9%。性别[女性调整优势比（AOR）=0.595，95%置信区间：0.37 - 0.956]、年龄大于40岁（AOR = 1.026，95%置信区间：1.005 - 1.048）、体重指数>25kg/m（AOR = 1.767，95%置信区间：1.099 - 2.84）、病毒载量>50（AOR = 0.477，95%置信区间：0.27 - 0.842）以及CD4<500（AOR = 1.938，95%置信区间：1.18 - 3.183）被确定为血脂异常的决定因素。
与在类似人群中发表的几项研究相比，本研究参与者中血脂异常的患病率较高。男性、年龄较大、体重指数较高、CD4计数低以及病毒载量<50拷贝/mL与艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者的血脂异常有关。因此，基线时的血脂谱测量必须作为常规护理的一部分，以预防血脂异常的破坏性影响。
