Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Contact Dermatitis. 2023 Nov;89(5):359-367. doi: 10.1111/cod.14386. Epub 2023 Aug 7.
A high incidence of local itching subcutaneous nodules and aluminium allergy was observed in clinical trials of a new aluminium adsorbed pertussis vaccine in Gothenburg, Sweden, in the 1990s. A total of 495 children with itching nodules were patch tested with aluminium chloride hexahydrate 2% and an empty Finn Chamber®, 377 (76%) with positive reactions. When 241 of them were re-tested some years later 186 (3 out of 4) had unexpectedly lost their patch test reactivity.
To investigate the long-term prognosis of vaccine-induced contact allergy to aluminium by a third patch test about 20 years after Patch test I.
Twenty individuals with positive and 11 with negative results in Patch test II were tested a third time with the same sensitisers as in in the first two tests. Three additional aluminium preparations were also tested.
A total 15 out of 20 persons with positive results in the second test had lost their patch test reactivity. Two of 11 with negative tests had turned positive again. The addition of the preparations gave no conclusive results.
Contact allergy to aluminium caused by vaccination with aluminium-adsorbed vaccines in childhood seems to fade away with time as measured by loss of patch test reactivity.
在 20 世纪 90 年代，瑞典哥德堡的一项新的吸附铝百日咳疫苗的临床试验中，观察到局部瘙痒皮下结节和铝过敏的发生率很高。共有 495 例有瘙痒结节的儿童用六水合氯化铝 2%和空的 Finn 室®进行斑贴试验，其中 377 例（76%）有阳性反应。当其中 241 例在几年后再次进行测试时，出乎意料的是，有 186 例（3 例中有 4 例）失去了斑贴试验的反应性。
通过第三次斑贴试验，在第一次斑贴试验后约 20 年，调查铝疫苗诱导的接触过敏的长期预后。
对第二次斑贴试验阳性和阴性的 20 人和 11 人分别进行第三次斑贴试验，使用与前两次试验相同的变应原进行检测。还检测了另外三种铝制剂。
在第二次试验中，20 名阳性结果的人中有 15 人失去了斑贴试验的反应性。11 名阴性测试中有 2 人再次转为阳性。添加制剂没有得出明确的结果。
通过儿童接种吸附铝疫苗引起的铝接触过敏似乎随着时间的推移而消失，这可以通过斑贴试验反应性的丧失来衡量。
