School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Faculty of Medicine, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia.
Cancer Aetiology & Prevention Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia.
Health Promot J Austr. 2024 Jul;35(3):609-616. doi: 10.1002/hpja.786. Epub 2023 Aug 7.
While the links between sun exposure and skin cancer are well known, the benefits of sun exposure, particularly as a source of vitamin D, are less well known. This paper reports on a deliberative study exploring public perspectives about sun exposure harms and benefits.
Two citizens' juries were conducted in Brisbane and Adelaide to consider questions about sun exposure, vitamin D and health promotion. Members of the general population (jurors) listened to evidence from expert witnesses about the harms and benefits of sun exposure. Most witness sessions extended for 60 min, with 6 sessions over 2 days. At each citizens' jury, jurors were asked to listen to expert testimony, consider the evidence and make policy recommendations. The planning and design of the citizens' juries were informed by well-established citizens' jury methods.
Jurors proposed that Australia needs improved public information about the harms and benefits of sun exposure. They argued for information that supports personal decision-making that accounts for differences in skin tone and geographical region. Jurors agreed that Australia needs an updated sun safety campaign that reflects new research and addresses diversity. A one-size-fits-all approach to sun protection may no longer be appropriate.
While a new campaign should address both harms and benefits, jurors felt the need for skin cancer prevention outweighs the desirability of generating vitamin D through sun exposure. More nuanced public health messages are needed, which balance the need for skin protection and vitamin D, and acknowledge the diversity of Australia's population. SO WHAT?: Previous research studies are typically siloed into the separate areas of vitamin D or skin cancer research. This study incorporated both topics and pooled the views of participants in two citizens' juries who agreed on the need for improved information about the harms and benefits of sun exposure to reflect a modern Australian population.
虽然人们已经充分了解阳光暴露与皮肤癌之间的联系，但阳光暴露的益处，尤其是其作为维生素 D 来源的益处，却鲜为人知。本文报告了一项深入探讨公众对阳光暴露危害和益处的看法的审议研究。
在布里斯班和阿德莱德举行了两次公民陪审团会议，以审议有关阳光暴露、维生素 D 和健康促进的问题。普通民众（陪审员）听取了专家证人关于阳光暴露危害和益处的证据。大多数证人陈述会持续 60 分钟，两天内进行 6 次陈述。在每个公民陪审团会议上，陪审员听取专家证词，考虑证据并提出政策建议。公民陪审团的规划和设计是在成熟的公民陪审团方法的基础上进行的。
陪审员们提出，澳大利亚需要改善有关阳光暴露危害和益处的公共信息。他们主张提供支持个人决策的信息，同时考虑到肤色和地理位置的差异。陪审员们一致认为，澳大利亚需要更新的防晒宣传活动，反映新的研究成果，并解决多样性问题。一刀切的防晒方法可能不再适用。
虽然新的宣传活动应该同时涉及危害和益处，但陪审员们认为皮肤癌预防的必要性超过了通过阳光暴露产生维生素 D 的愿望。需要更细致入微的公共卫生信息，平衡皮肤保护和维生素 D 的需求，并承认澳大利亚人口的多样性。
之前的研究通常分别归入维生素 D 或皮肤癌研究领域。本研究将这两个主题结合起来，并汇集了两次公民陪审团参与者的观点，他们一致认为需要改善有关阳光暴露危害和益处的信息，以反映现代澳大利亚人口的情况。
