Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan.
Center for Child, Adolescent, and Maternal Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
PLoS One. 2023 Aug 7;18(8):e0289582. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289582. eCollection 2023.
To estimate the coverage rate of typhoid conjugate vaccine (TCV) among children aged 6 months to 15 years in Lyari Town Karachi, Pakistan.
A cross-sectional survey was conducted to estimate the vaccine coverage of Typbar TCV in Lyari Town Karachi utilizing the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended rapid vaccine coverage assessment technique (30 clusters × 7 households). Sampling was powered at town level and multistage cluster sampling was used. Four union councils were randomly selected from a total of 11 and the survey was conducted in those union councils. After consent was obtained, parents of age-eligible children living in the selected union councils were invited to participate in the survey and information was collected on Typbar TCV vaccination status of children aged 6 months to 15 years.
Overall, 2325 children were included in the survey. The mean age of the participants was 7.60 ± 3.84 years. The ratio of males to females was equal in the survey sample; 1163 (50.02%) were male. In the total target population, 82% children were found to be vaccinated; however, the vaccination status could be verified for 80%. The vaccine coverage of TCV was comparable among the four union councils and the overall coverage of TCV vaccine in Lyari Town was found to be 80%. The coverage was significantly lower in younger children, 5% and 17% among children aged 6 months to < 2 years and 2 years to < 5 years respectively and 78% among children aged 5 years to 15 years.
The overall immunization coverage rate with TCV was found to be satisfactory. Immunization coverage was comparable among both sexes and the selected union councils but it was relatively low among children in younger age groups.
估计巴基斯坦卡拉奇拉里镇 6 个月至 15 岁儿童伤寒结合疫苗（TCV）的覆盖率。
采用世界卫生组织（WHO）推荐的快速疫苗覆盖率评估技术（30 个簇×7 户），对卡拉奇拉里镇 TCV 的疫苗覆盖率进行横断面调查，以估计 Typbar TCV 的疫苗覆盖率。采用整群随机抽样，在城镇一级进行抽样，并使用多阶段聚类抽样。从总共 11 个联盟理事会中随机选择了 4 个，在这些联盟理事会中进行了调查。在获得同意后，邀请居住在选定联盟理事会中的符合年龄的儿童的父母参加调查，并收集 6 个月至 15 岁儿童 Typbar TCV 接种状况的信息。
共有 2325 名儿童参加了调查。参与者的平均年龄为 7.60±3.84 岁。调查样本中男女比例相等，男性 1163 人（50.02%），女性 1163 人（50.02%）。在总目标人群中，82%的儿童被发现已接种疫苗；然而，仅能核实 80%的儿童的接种情况。TCV 的疫苗覆盖率在四个联盟理事会之间相当，在拉里镇的总体 TCV 疫苗覆盖率为 80%。在年龄较小的儿童中，疫苗覆盖率明显较低，6 个月至<2 岁和 2 岁至<5 岁的儿童分别为 5%和 17%，5 岁至 15 岁的儿童为 78%。
TCV 的总体免疫覆盖率令人满意。男女之间以及选定的联盟理事会之间的免疫覆盖率相当，但年龄较小的儿童群体的覆盖率相对较低。
