Department of Food Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul - Institute of Food Science and Technology, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Engineering, FEA UNICAMP Rua Monteiro Lobato, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess. 2023 Sep;40(9):1147-1163. doi: 10.1080/19440049.2023.2240439. Epub 2023 Aug 7.
Sodium and potassium nitrates and nitrites are preservatives widely used in meat products and some cheese. They are important toxicologically but there is a lack of data on the exposure of the Brazilian population to these additives. This study aimed to verify the frequency of the use of nitrates and nitrites in processed foods in Brazil and to estimate their theoretical intake by the Brazilian population. A database was built of supermarket products containing nitrates, nitrites, and antioxidants. The Theoretical Maximum Daily Intake (TMDI) and TMDI balanced by the prevalence of food consumption (TMDI BPFC) were determined using consumption data from the Household Budget Surveys (2008/2009 and 2017/2018). The TMDI for nitrates and nitrites was lower than the Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) for all population groups. Considering the prevalence of food consumption (consumers only), the TMDI BPFC values were lower than the ADI for nitrates (between 0.4 and 0.9 times the ADI) but very high values were obtained for nitrites (between 10 and 24 times the ADI). Our results suggest that the Brazilian population, especially some population groups, may be consuming unsafe amounts of nitrite. As a consequence, their health may be at risk.
硝酸钠和亚硝酸钠、硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐是广泛应用于肉制品和某些奶酪的防腐剂。它们在毒理学上很重要，但巴西人口接触这些添加剂的暴露数据却很缺乏。本研究旨在调查巴西加工食品中硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐的使用频率，并估算巴西人口对这些添加剂的理论摄入量。建立了一个含有硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐和抗氧化剂的超市产品数据库。利用家庭预算调查（2008/2009 年和 2017/2018 年）的消费数据，确定了理论最大日摄入量（TMDI）和基于食物消费流行率的 TMDI（TMDI BPFC）。对于所有人群，硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐的 TMDI 均低于可接受日摄入量（ADI）。考虑到食物消费流行率（仅消费者），TMDI BPFC 值对于硝酸盐来说低于 ADI（0.4 至 0.9 倍 ADI），但对于亚硝酸盐来说则非常高（10 至 24 倍 ADI）。我们的研究结果表明，巴西人口，特别是一些人群，可能摄入了不安全剂量的亚硝酸盐。因此，他们的健康可能会受到威胁。
