Fish Immunology and Pathology Group, Animal Health Research Centre (CISA), National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Valdeolmos-Alalpardo, Madrid, Spain.
Institute of Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BIOTECMED), University of Valencia, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2023 Sep;140:108989. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108989. Epub 2023 Aug 6.
Teleost fish lack organized structures in mucosal tissues such as those of mammals, but instead contain dispersed B and T cells with the capacity to respond to external stimuli. Nonetheless, there is still a great lack of knowledge regarding how B cells differentiate to plasmablasts/plasma cells in these mucosal surfaces. To contribute to a further understanding of the mechanisms through which fish mucosal B cells are activated, in the current study, we have studied the B cell responses in the skin and gills of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) exposed to Yersinia ruckeri. We have first analyzed the transcription levels of genes related to B cell function in both mucosal surfaces, and in spleen and kidney for comparative purposes. In a second experiment, we have evaluated how the infection affects the presence and size of B cells in both skin and gills, as well as the presence of plasmablasts secreting total or specific IgMs. The results obtained in both experiments support the local differentiation of B cells to plasmablasts/plasma cells in the skin and gills of rainbow trout in response to Y. ruckeri. Interestingly, these plasmablasts/plasma cells were shown to secrete specific IgMs as soon as 5 days after the exposure. These findings contribute to a further understanding of how B cells in the periphery respond to immune stimulation in teleost fish.
硬骨鱼类的黏膜组织中缺乏像哺乳动物那样的有组织的结构，但却含有分散的 B 细胞和 T 细胞，这些细胞能够对外界刺激做出反应。尽管如此，对于 B 细胞在这些黏膜表面如何分化为浆母细胞/浆细胞，我们仍然知之甚少。为了进一步了解鱼类黏膜 B 细胞被激活的机制，在本研究中，我们研究了虹鳟鱼（Oncorhynchus mykiss）皮肤和鳃暴露于鲁氏耶尔森菌（Yersinia ruckeri）后 B 细胞的反应。我们首先分析了两种黏膜表面、脾脏和肾脏中与 B 细胞功能相关的基因的转录水平，以便进行比较。在第二个实验中，我们评估了感染如何影响皮肤和鳃中 B 细胞的存在和大小，以及分泌总或特异性 IgM 的浆母细胞的存在。两个实验的结果都支持了虹鳟鱼皮肤和鳃中 B 细胞在受到 Y. ruckeri 刺激时向浆母细胞/浆细胞的局部分化。有趣的是，这些浆母细胞/浆细胞在暴露后 5 天就开始分泌特异性 IgM。这些发现有助于进一步了解外周血 B 细胞如何对硬骨鱼类的免疫刺激做出反应。
