Yuan J, Xu Q, Zhu L T, Jiang A M
Department of Ophthalmology, Shunyi District Hospital, Beijing 101300, China.
Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi. 2023 Aug 11;59(8):636-642. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112142-20230116-00024.
To investigate the relationship between refractive status and ocular biometric parameters in preschool children in Shunyi District, Beijing. This cross-sectional study employed a random cluster sampling method to measure the ocular axial length (AL), corneal curvature(CR), anterior chamber depth, and horizontal corneal diameter (WTW) using an optical biometer in 3-6-year-old children from 11 kindergartens in Shunyi District, Beijing. The ratio of AL to corneal curvature radius (AL/CR) was calculated. Cycloplegic refraction was performed using 1% cyclopentolate, and the equivalent spherical diopter (SE) was calculated. Ocular biometric parameters were compared among different age groups and refractive statuses. Correlation and regression analyses were conducted between SE and ocular biometric parameters. A total of 1, 142 children completed the examination, with a mean age of (4.52±0.87) years, including 119 three-year-olds, 487 four-year-olds, 362 five-year-olds, and 174 six-year-olds. Among them, 554 were boys and 588 were girls. The mean SE of the examined children was (1.19±0.81) D, AL was (22.27±0.67) mm, corneal curvature radius was (7.73±0.25) mm, and the anterior chamber depth was (3.33±0.67) mm. The mean SE for three-, four-, five-, and six-year-old children was 1.18, 1.19, 1.21, and 1.13 D, respectively. SE showed correlations with AL, AL/CR, and anterior chamber depth (=-0.350, -0.542, -0.083; all <0.05), but no correlation with WTW or corneal curvature radius (>0.05). Among children with different refractive statuses, SE showed stronger correlations with AL and AL/CR in myopic, hyperopic, and highly hyperopic children compared to emmetropic children, and the correlation tended to be stronger with increasing age. The linear regression equations for SE and AL, AL/CR were SE=10.64-0.42·AL and SE=21.48-7.043·AL/CR, respectively. The refractive status of 3-6-year-old children in Shunyi District, Beijing, showed minimal changes. Myopic children had longer AL, deeper anterior chamber, and slightly steeper cornea.
为研究北京市顺义区学龄前儿童屈光状态与眼生物测量参数之间的关系。本横断面研究采用随机整群抽样方法，使用光学生物测量仪对北京市顺义区11所幼儿园3至6岁儿童测量眼轴长度（AL）、角膜曲率（CR）、前房深度和角膜水平直径（WTW）。计算AL与角膜曲率半径之比（AL/CR）。使用1%环喷托酯进行睫状肌麻痹验光，并计算等效球镜度（SE）。比较不同年龄组和屈光状态之间的眼生物测量参数。对SE与眼生物测量参数进行相关性和回归分析。共有1142名儿童完成检查，平均年龄为（4.52±0.87）岁，其中3岁儿童119名，4岁儿童487名，5岁儿童362名，6岁儿童174名。其中，男孩554名，女孩588名。受检儿童的平均SE为（1.19±0.81）D，AL为（22.27±0.67）mm，角膜曲率半径为（7.73±0.25）mm，前房深度为（3.33±0.67）mm。3岁、4岁、5岁和6岁儿童的平均SE分别为1.18、1.19、1.21和1.13 D。SE与AL、AL/CR和前房深度呈相关性（r=-0.350、-0.542、-0.083；均P<0.05），但与WTW或角膜曲率半径无相关性（P>0.05）。在不同屈光状态的儿童中，与正视儿童相比，近视、远视和高度远视儿童中SE与AL和AL/CR的相关性更强，且随着年龄增长相关性趋于更强。SE与AL、AL/CR的线性回归方程分别为SE=10.64-0.42·AL和SE=21.48-7.043·AL/CR。北京市顺义区3至6岁儿童的屈光状态变化极小。近视儿童的AL更长，前房更深，角膜稍更陡峭。
