Bhagat Mehak, Singh Purnima, Sunkara Sindhu Meghana, Abraham Merin T, Barroso Alverde Maria Jimena, Mundla Sravya R, Mizrahi Drijanski Andrea, Jobilal Anna, Lakkimsetti Mohit, Nair Nandini, Razzaq Waleed, Abdin Zain U, Gupta Ishita
Internal Medicine, Government Medical College, Amritsar, IND.
College of Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, ARE.
Cureus. 2023 Jul 7;15(7):e41505. doi: 10.7759/cureus.41505. eCollection 2023 Jul.
Hyperthyroidism is more common in women and the sensitivity of thyroid function changes during pregnancy. Excess levels of thyroid hormones and thioamides have a major impact on maternal and fetal outcomes. Our aim was to perform an extensive literature review and provide relevant details concerning the analytical and clinical aspects of the potential effects of the two main drugs used (methimazole and propylthiouracil) in newborns. A thorough literature review was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar databases. In total, 10 relevant studies were identified and data from these studies were extracted and then extrapolated into results after analysis. Three out of four studies that used methimazole and carbimazole, one and two, respectively, showed adverse fetal outcomes requiring surgical management for congenital anomalies like aplasia cutis, patent vitellointestinal duct, and gastroschisis. Out of the three studies that used propylthiouracil, one baby underwent surgery for bilateral pyelectasis, vesicovaginal fistula, anal stenosis, and polydactyly. The findings of the aforementioned studies provide enough evidence to imply that the use of methimazole and carbimazole to treat antenatal hyperthyroidism has worse fetal outcomes than the use of propylthiouracil. Also, given the paucity of data in the existing literature regarding propylthiouracil's effects on newborns, further studies in this demographic are needed.
甲状腺功能亢进在女性中更为常见，且孕期甲状腺功能变化较为敏感。甲状腺激素和硫代酰胺水平过高对母婴结局有重大影响。我们的目的是进行广泛的文献综述，并提供有关两种主要使用药物（甲巯咪唑和丙硫氧嘧啶）对新生儿潜在影响的分析和临床方面的相关细节。使用PubMed和谷歌学术数据库进行了全面的文献综述。总共确定了10项相关研究，提取了这些研究的数据，然后在分析后推断出结果。在四项分别使用甲巯咪唑和卡比马唑的研究中，有三项研究分别显示了不良胎儿结局，需要对先天性异常如皮肤发育不全、卵黄管未闭和腹裂进行手术处理。在三项使用丙硫氧嘧啶的研究中，有一名婴儿因双侧肾盂积水、膀胱阴道瘘、肛门狭窄和多指畸形接受了手术。上述研究结果提供了足够的证据表明，使用甲巯咪唑和卡比马唑治疗产前甲状腺功能亢进比使用丙硫氧嘧啶有更差的胎儿结局。此外，鉴于现有文献中关于丙硫氧嘧啶对新生儿影响的数据匮乏，需要对这一人群进行进一步研究。
