Department of Family Medicine, Evliya Celebi Training and Research Hospital, Kutahya University of Health Sciences, Kutahya, Turkey.
Departmant of Geriatric, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ministry of Health, Ankara, Turkey.
J Nerv Ment Dis. 2023 Dec 1;211(12):948-953. doi: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001702. Epub 2023 Aug 7.
The long-term effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection are not fully known. In this study, we aimed to evaluate cognitive function and mood changes with 1-year follow-up in the elderly after COVID-19 disease. Ninety COVID-19 survivors and 90 healthy controls were included in the study between April 2022 and 2023. The patients were evaluated at the 1st, 6th, and 12th months for cognition, depression, and sleep quality. Cognitive function is assessed by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), sleep quality by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and depression by the Yesavage Geriatric Depression Scale. COVID-19 survivors secured lower scores in certain domains of the MoCA in comparison with the controls at the first and sixth months. However, at the 12th month, no difference was observed in total MoCA ( p = 0.100), Yesavage Geriatric Depression Scale ( p = 0.503), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index ( p = 0.907) between survivors and controls. Older patients who recovered from COVID-19 have lower cognitive function compared with controls up to 12 months. However, cognitive function scores were similar at the end of the first year except for memory scores.
COVID-19 感染的长期影响尚不完全清楚。在这项研究中，我们旨在评估 COVID-19 疾病后老年人在 1 年随访时的认知功能和情绪变化。2022 年 4 月至 2023 年期间，我们纳入了 90 名 COVID-19 幸存者和 90 名健康对照组。患者在第 1、6 和 12 个月时评估认知、抑郁和睡眠质量。认知功能通过蒙特利尔认知评估（MoCA）评估，睡眠质量通过匹兹堡睡眠质量指数评估，抑郁通过耶萨维格老年抑郁量表评估。与对照组相比，COVID-19 幸存者在第 1 个月和第 6 个月时在 MoCA 的某些领域的得分较低。然而，在第 12 个月时，幸存者和对照组之间的 MoCA 总分（p=0.100）、耶萨维格老年抑郁量表（p=0.503）和匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（p=0.907）均无差异。从 COVID-19 中康复的老年患者在 12 个月内的认知功能比对照组低。然而，除了记忆评分外，在第一年结束时，认知功能评分相似。
