Kinoshita Takahiro, Komatsu Masaru
Gastric Surgery Division, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan.
J Gastric Cancer. 2023 Jul;23(3):400-409. doi: 10.5230/jgc.2023.23.e27.
Artificial intelligence (AI) has made significant progress in recent years, and many medical fields are attempting to introduce AI technology into clinical practice. Currently, much research is being conducted to evaluate that AI can be incorporated into surgical procedures to make them safer and more efficient, subsequently to obtain better outcomes for patients. In this paper, we review basic AI research regarding surgery and discuss the potential for implementing AI technology in gastric cancer surgery. At present, research and development is focused on AI technologies that assist the surgeon's understandings and judgment during surgery, such as anatomical navigation. AI systems are also being developed to recognize in which the surgical phase is ongoing. Such a surgical phase recognition systems is considered for effective storage of surgical videos and education, in the future, for use in systems to objectively evaluate the skill of surgeons. At this time, it is not considered practical to let AI make intraoperative decisions or move forceps automatically from an ethical standpoint, too. At present, AI research on surgery has various limitations, and it is desirable to develop practical systems that will truly benefit clinical practice in the future.
近年来，人工智能（AI）取得了重大进展，许多医学领域都在尝试将人工智能技术引入临床实践。目前，正在进行大量研究以评估人工智能能否被纳入外科手术，使手术更安全、更高效，从而为患者带来更好的治疗效果。在本文中，我们回顾了关于手术的基础人工智能研究，并讨论了在胃癌手术中应用人工智能技术的潜力。目前，研发工作集中在辅助外科医生在手术过程中理解和判断的人工智能技术，如解剖导航。还在开发人工智能系统以识别手术进行到哪个阶段。这样的手术阶段识别系统被认为可用于有效存储手术视频以及未来的教育，用于客观评估外科医生技能的系统。目前，从伦理角度来看，让人工智能做出术中决策或自动移动手术钳也不被认为是可行的。目前，关于手术的人工智能研究存在各种局限性，开发未来真正有益于临床实践的实用系统是很有必要的。
