加利福尼亚州洛杉矶的心血管健康与城市石油钻探的接近程度。
Cardiovascular health and proximity to urban oil drilling in Los Angeles, California.
机构信息
Division of Environmental Health, Department of Population & Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
LAGrit Media, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
出版信息
J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2024 May;34(3):505-511. doi: 10.1038/s41370-023-00589-z. Epub 2023 Aug 8.
BACKGROUND
Although ~18 million people live within a mile from active oil and gas development (OGD) sites in the United States, epidemiological research on how OGD affects the health of nearby urban residents is sparse. Thousands of OGD sites are spread across Los Angeles (LA) County, California, home to the largest urban oil production in the country. Air pollution and noise from OGD may contribute to cardiovascular morbidity.
OBJECTIVE
We examined the association between proximity to OGD and blood pressure in a diverse cohort of residents in LA.
METHODS
We recruited residents in South LA who lived <1 km from an OGD site. We collected three blood pressure measurements for each participant and used the second and third measurements to calculate averages for systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) separately. We conducted multivariable linear regression to examine the relationship between distance to OGD sites and continuous SBP and DBP, adjusting for BMI, smoking status, distance to freeway, sex, age, and use of antihypertension medications, with a random effect for household. We examined effect measure modification by BMI category and smoking category.
RESULTS
Among the 623 adult participants, we found that for every 100 meter increase in distance from the OGD site, DBP was reduced by an average of 0.73 mmHg (95% CI: -1.26, -0.21) in this population. We observed stronger effects of proximity to OGD site on DBP among never smokers and among participants with a healthy BMI. The associations observed between proximity to OGD site and SBP were weaker but followed the same patterns as those for DBP.
IMPACT
Our study suggests that living near urban oil drilling sites is significantly associated with greater diastolic blood pressure in urban Los Angeles communities. This research improves understanding of impacts from living nearby drilling operations on the health and welfare of this community, which is critical to inform public health relevant strategies.
背景
尽管在美国，有 1800 万人居住在距离活跃的石油和天然气开发（OGD）场地一英里以内的地方，但关于 OGD 如何影响附近城市居民健康的流行病学研究却很少。加利福尼亚州洛杉矶县（LA）散布着数千个 OGD 场地，是该国最大的城市石油生产地。OGD 带来的空气污染和噪音可能导致心血管疾病发病率上升。
目的
我们在 LA 的一个多样化居民队列中研究了接近 OGD 与血压之间的关系。
方法
我们招募了居住在南洛杉矶的居民，他们的住所距离 OGD 场地不到 1 公里。我们为每位参与者采集了三次血压测量值，并使用第二和第三次测量值分别计算收缩压（SBP）和舒张压（DBP）的平均值。我们进行了多变量线性回归，以检查距离 OGD 场地与连续 SBP 和 DBP 之间的关系，调整了 BMI、吸烟状况、与高速公路的距离、性别、年龄以及使用抗高血压药物的情况，并对家庭进行了随机效应处理。我们还检查了 BMI 类别和吸烟类别对效应量修正的影响。
结果
在 623 名成年参与者中，我们发现，在该人群中，距离 OGD 场地每增加 100 米，DBP 平均降低 0.73mmHg（95%CI：-1.26，-0.21）。我们发现，从不吸烟者和 BMI 健康的参与者中，接近 OGD 场地对 DBP 的影响更强。接近 OGD 场地与 SBP 之间的关联较弱，但与 DBP 的模式相同。
影响
我们的研究表明，在城市洛杉矶社区，居住在城市石油钻井场地附近与舒张压显著相关。这项研究提高了人们对居住在钻井作业附近对社区健康和福利的影响的认识，这对于制定公共卫生相关策略至关重要。
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