School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, Keele University, Keele, ST5 5BG, UK.
School of Life Sciences, Keele University, Keele, ST5 5BG, UK.
Environ Monit Assess. 2023 Aug 9;195(9):1027. doi: 10.1007/s10661-023-11511-3.
The clarification of drinking water leads to the production of large quantities of water treatment residuals (WTRs). DNA was extracted from six WTR samples collected from water treatment plants within the UK to compare their bacterial communities and examine whether factors such as coagulant usage (aluminium versus iron salt), the type of water source (reservoir or river), or leachable chemical composition influence these communities. Bacterial 16S variable region 4 (V4) was amplified and sequenced using Illumina MiSeq sequencing. The most abundant phyla in WTR samples were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Acidobacteria, and Firmicutes, collectively representing 92.77-97.8% of the total bacterial sequences. Statistical analysis of microbial profiles indicated that water source played a significant role in microbial community structure, diversity, and richness, however coagulant type did not. PERMANOVA analysis showed that no single chemical variable (pH, organic matter, or extractable element concentration) influenced microbial composition significantly; however, canonical correspondence analysis of WTR microbiomes yielded a model using all these variables that could be used to explain variations in microbial community structures of WTRs (p < 0.05). No common, potentially toxic cyanobacteria, or related pathogens of concern were found. Analysis with PICRUSt showed that WTRs all had similar predicted microbial functional profiles. Overall, the results indicate that WTRs analysed in this study are unlikely to pose any threat to soil microbial community structure when applied to land as a soil conditioner or enhancer and may help to enhance the soil microbial community.
饮用水的澄清导致了大量水处理副产物 (WTRs) 的产生。从英国水处理厂采集的六个 WTR 样本中提取了 DNA，以比较它们的细菌群落，并研究诸如混凝剂使用（铝盐与铁盐）、水源类型（水库或河流）或可浸出化学成分等因素是否会影响这些群落。使用 Illumina MiSeq 测序对细菌 16S 可变区 4 (V4) 进行了扩增和测序。WTR 样本中最丰富的门是变形菌门、放线菌门、拟杆菌门、酸杆菌门和厚壁菌门，它们共同代表了总细菌序列的 92.77-97.8%。微生物图谱的统计分析表明，水源对微生物群落结构、多样性和丰富度有显著影响，但混凝剂类型没有。PERMANOVA 分析表明，没有单个化学变量（pH 值、有机物或可萃取元素浓度）对微生物组成有显著影响；然而，WTR 微生物组的典范对应分析生成了一个可以用来解释 WTR 微生物群落结构变化的模型（p<0.05）。未发现常见的、潜在有毒的蓝藻或相关的关注病原体。PICRUSt 分析表明，WTRs 具有相似的预测微生物功能谱。总体而言，研究结果表明，在将其作为土壤改良剂或增强剂施用于土地时，本研究分析的 WTR 不太可能对土壤微生物群落结构构成威胁，并且可能有助于增强土壤微生物群落。
