Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Front Immunol. 2023 Jul 24;14:1212676. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1212676. eCollection 2023.
Compelling evidence indicates that Epstein Barr virus (EBV) infection is a prerequisite for multiple sclerosis (MS). The disease may arise from a complex interplay between latent EBV infection, genetic predisposition, and various environmental and lifestyle factors that negatively affect immune control of the infection. Evidence of gene-environment interactions and epigenetic modifications triggered by environmental factors in genetically susceptible individuals supports this view. This review gives a short introduction to EBV and host immunity and discusses evidence indicating EBV as a prerequisite for MS. The role of genetic and environmental risk factors, and their interactions, in MS pathogenesis is reviewed and put in the context of EBV infection. Finally, possible preventive measures are discussed based on the findings presented.
有确凿的证据表明，爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒（EBV）感染是多发性硬化症（MS）的前提。这种疾病可能是由潜伏的 EBV 感染、遗传易感性以及各种负面影响感染免疫控制的环境和生活方式因素之间的复杂相互作用引起的。遗传易感个体中环境因素引发的基因-环境相互作用和表观遗传修饰的证据支持这一观点。本文简要介绍 EBV 和宿主免疫，并讨论 EBV 作为 MS 前提的证据。综述了 MS 发病机制中遗传和环境危险因素及其相互作用，并结合 EBV 感染进行了讨论。最后，根据提出的研究结果讨论了可能的预防措施。
