Singh Bhagyshree, Phulware Ravi H, Baishya Pakesh, Singh Ashok, Durgapal Prashant, Kumar Arvind, Hazarika Neirita, Kishore Sanjeev
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India.
Department of Dermatology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India.
J Cutan Aesthet Surg. 2023 Apr-Jun;16(2):140-144. doi: 10.4103/JCAS.JCAS_81_22.
An epidermoid cyst is a benign keratin-filled cyst, commonly located in the face, scalp, neck, and trunk. Although it is a common benign cystic neoplasm, large series of analyses in English literature are still scarce. To comprehend the clinical and pathological variation of epidermoid cysts in the sub-Himalayan region of India, as well as their clinical implications for late diagnosis, a retrospective study on epidermoid cysts was conducted.
This was a retrospective observational study conducted on 217 cases of epidermoid cyst subjected for fine-needle aspiration cytology over a period of 3.6 years (from 2018 to 2021). The clinical details and other epidemiological data were archived from the pathology requisition forms.
It showed slight male preponderance with head and neck site as the most common area. Most patients were adults. Few uncommon sites were also seen namely breast, parotid, epididymis, and tonsils. Few large lesions were identified measuring up to 10 cm. The skin changes were seen in 5.5% cases, 0.9% cases show extreme ulceration, and 4.1% cases show foreign body giant cell reactions. Due to the province's steep terrain and limited access to medical services, the majority of patients arrived at out patient department (OPD) late.
The findings suggest that fine-needle aspiration can be used as a quick diagnostic test even in remote areas by the general practitioner who can send the slides for evaluation to a pathologist. Many times, clinically looking epidermoid cyst can reveal certain challenging entities such as a biphasic fibroepithelial tumor with cystic squamous metaplasia and proliferating pilar tumor in our series. The study of this lesion is also needed for early diagnosis as long-standing lesion may rupture and cause requirement of extensive treatment followed cosmetic impairment.
表皮样囊肿是一种良性的充满角蛋白的囊肿，通常位于面部、头皮、颈部和躯干。尽管它是一种常见的良性囊性肿瘤，但英文文献中大量的分析仍然很少。为了了解印度喜马拉雅地区表皮样囊肿的临床和病理变化，以及它们对晚期诊断的临床意义，我们对表皮样囊肿进行了一项回顾性研究。
这是一项回顾性观察研究，对在3.6年（2018年至2021年）期间接受细针穿刺细胞学检查的217例表皮样囊肿病例进行了研究。临床细节和其他流行病学数据从病理申请单中存档。
结果显示男性略占优势，头颈部是最常见的部位。大多数患者为成年人。还发现了一些不常见的部位，如乳房、腮腺、附睾和扁桃体。发现了一些大小达10厘米的大病变。5.5%的病例出现皮肤变化，0.9%的病例出现极度溃疡，4.1%的病例出现异物巨细胞反应。由于该省地形陡峭，医疗服务获取有限，大多数患者到门诊就诊较晚。
研究结果表明，细针穿刺即使在偏远地区也可作为一种快速诊断方法，全科医生可将涂片送检病理学家进行评估。在我们的系列病例中，许多临床上看似表皮样囊肿的病变可能会揭示某些具有挑战性的实体，如伴有囊性鳞状化生的双相纤维上皮肿瘤和增生性毛母细胞瘤。由于长期存在的病变可能破裂并导致需要进行广泛治疗以及随后的美容损伤，因此对这种病变进行研究以实现早期诊断也很有必要。
