Universidade Estadual Paulista/UNESP, Instituto de Química, Rua Prof. Francisco Degni, 55, Jardim Quitandinha, 14800-060 Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
Fundação Educacional do Município de Assis/FEMA, Av. Getúlio Vargas, 1200, Vila Nova Santana, 19807-130 Assis, SP, Brazil.
An Acad Bras Cienc. 2023 Aug 4;95(2):e20201853. doi: 10.1590/0001-3765202320201853. eCollection 2023.
The present study verified the presence of phytoconstituents and evaluated antioxidant (DPPH, FRAP, NO and TBARS tests) and antiglycation (REM test) activities of unconventional wild edible fruits Chrysophyllum cainito, Hancornia speciosa and Plinia glomerata. It was verified the presence of phenolic compounds for all fruits and flavonoids were observed only for C. cainito, which presented in its peel the highest total phenols (90.34 μg GAE mg-1) and flavonoids (30.4 μg RE mg-1) content. Sugar concentration was significant for all fruits, where H. speciosa showed the highest reducing sugar content (576.12 mg g-1) and C. cainito pulp showed the highest total sugar content (858.67 mg g-1). All fruits presented vitamin C and carotenoids, highlighting P. glomerata with the best results for ascorbic acid (2260.94 mg 100 g-1) and carotenoids (59.62 µg g-1). Extracts presented antioxidant activity, highlighting C. cainito peel that presented 65.64% (DPPH), 231.34 µM TE L-1 (FRAP), 49.34% (NO) and 22.56% (TBARS), while in antiglycation evaluation, P. glomerata showed evident activity. Therefore, it was possible to determine different phytoconstituents, and antioxidant and antiglycation activities of the fruits. These data provide subsidies for application of these fruits in new studies, to increase knowledge and preservation of these species.
本研究验证了非常规野生食用水果人心果、海檬果和嘉宝果中植物化学成分的存在，并评估了它们的抗氧化（DPPH、FRAP、NO 和 TBARS 试验）和抗糖化（REM 试验）活性。所有水果均检测到酚类化合物的存在，而仅在人心果果皮中观察到类黄酮，其总酚（90.34 μg GAE mg-1）和类黄酮（30.4 μg RE mg-1）含量最高。所有水果的糖浓度均具有显著差异，其中海檬果的还原糖含量最高（576.12 mg g-1），人心果果肉的总糖含量最高（858.67 mg g-1）。所有水果均含有维生素 C 和类胡萝卜素，其中嘉宝果的抗坏血酸（2260.94 mg 100 g-1）和类胡萝卜素（59.62 µg g-1）含量最高。提取物具有抗氧化活性，人心果果皮的 DPPH 清除率为 65.64%，FRAP 还原能力为 231.34 µM TE L-1，NO 抑制率为 49.34%，TBARS 抑制率为 22.56%，表现出最强的抗氧化活性。在抗糖化评价中，嘉宝果表现出明显的活性。因此，本研究确定了这些水果中的不同植物化学成分，以及它们的抗氧化和抗糖化活性。这些数据为这些水果在新研究中的应用提供了依据，以增加对这些物种的了解和保护。
