Traumatic Brain Injury Network, School of Clinical Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand; National Institute for Stroke and Applied Neuroscience, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.
National Institute for Stroke and Applied Neuroscience, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.
Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2024 Feb;105(2):295-302. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2023.07.016. Epub 2023 Aug 7.
To determine if there are longer-term effects on symptoms, health status, mood, and behavior 10 years after a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI).
Prospective cohort study.
Community-based, civilian sample.
Adults aged ≥16 years at follow-up who experienced an mTBI 10 years ago, and an age and sex-matched non-injured control group.
Not applicable.
mTBI cases and controls were asked to complete self-report assessments of functioning (WHO Disability Assessment Schedule Version 2), symptoms (Rivermead Post-Concussion Symptom Questionnaire), health status (100-point scale), alcohol (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test) and substance use (Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test), and whether they had engaged in any anti-social behaviors over the past 12 months.
Data were analyzed for 368 participants (184 mTBI cases and 184 age-sex matched controls). Just over a third of mTBI cases (64, 34.8%) reported that they were still affected by their index mTBI 10 years later. After adjusting for education and ethnicity, the mTBI group had statistically higher overall symptom burden (F=22.32, P<.001, ηp=0.07) compared with controls. This difference remained after excluding those who experienced a recurrent TBI. The mTBI group were more than 3 times as likely to have engaged in anti-social behavior during the previous 12 months (F=5.89, P=.02). There were no group differences in health status, functioning, or problematic alcohol or substance use 10 years post-injury.
This study provides evidence of potential longer-term associations between mTBI, post-concussion symptoms, and anti-social behavior which warrants further evaluation. Future research should also examine if longer-term effects may be preventable with access to early rehabilitation post-injury.
确定轻度创伤性脑损伤（mTBI）10 年后，症状、健康状况、情绪和行为是否存在长期影响。
前瞻性队列研究。
基于社区的平民样本。
在随访时年龄≥16 岁、10 年前经历过 mTBI 的成年人，以及年龄和性别匹配的未受伤对照组。
不适用。
mTBI 病例和对照组被要求完成功能（世界卫生组织残疾评估量表第 2 版）、症状（Rivermead 脑震荡后症状问卷）、健康状况（100 分制）、酒精（酒精使用障碍识别测试）和物质使用（酒精、吸烟和物质使用筛查测试），以及在过去 12 个月中是否有任何反社会行为。
对 368 名参与者（184 名 mTBI 病例和 184 名年龄和性别匹配的对照组）进行了数据分析。超过三分之一的 mTBI 病例（64 例，34.8%）报告称，他们在 10 年后仍受其指数 mTBI 的影响。在校正教育和种族后，mTBI 组的总体症状负担明显高于对照组（F=22.32，P<.001，ηp=0.07）。在排除那些经历过复发性 TBI 的人后，这种差异仍然存在。在过去的 12 个月里，mTBI 组发生反社会行为的可能性是对照组的 3 倍多（F=5.89，P=.02）。受伤后 10 年，mTBI 组在健康状况、功能或有问题的酒精或物质使用方面没有组间差异。
本研究提供了 mTBI、脑震荡后症状和反社会行为之间可能存在长期关联的证据，这需要进一步评估。未来的研究还应检查是否可以通过受伤后早期康复来预防长期影响。
