Evidence that methylglyoxal and receptor for advanced glycation end products are implicated in bladder dysfunction of obese diabetic / mice.

Glycolytic overload in diabetes causes large accumulation of the highly reactive dicarbonyl compound methylglyoxal (MGO) and overproduction of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), which interact with their receptors (RAGE), leading to diabetes-associated macrovascular complications. The bladder is an organ that stays most in contact with dicarbonyl species, but little is known about the importance of the MGO-AGEs-RAGE pathway to diabetes-associated bladder dysfunction. Here, we aimed to investigate the role of the MGO-AGEs-RAGE pathway in bladder dysfunction of diabetic male and female / mice compared with wild-type (WT) lean mice. Diabetic / mice were treated with the AGE breaker alagebrium (ALT-711, 1 mg/kg) for 8 wk in drinking water. Compared with WT animals, male and female / mice showed marked hyperglycemia and insulin resistance, whereas fluid intake remained unaltered. Levels of total AGEs, MGO-derived hydroimidazolone 1, and RAGE in bladder tissues, as well as fluorescent AGEs in serum, were significantly elevated in / mice of either sex. Collagen content was also markedly elevated in the bladders of / mice. Void spot assays in filter paper in conscious mice revealed significant increases in total void volume and volume per void in / mice with no alterations of spot number. Treatment with ALT-711 significantly reduced the levels of MGO, AGEs, RAGE, and collagen content in / mice. In addition, ALT-711 treatment normalized the volume per void and increased the number of spots in / mice. Activation of AGEs-RAGE pathways by MGO in the bladder wall may contribute to the pathogenesis of diabetes-associated bladder dysfunction. The involvement of methylglyoxal (MGO) and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in bladder dysfunction of diabetic mice treated with the AGE breaker ALT-711 was investigated here. Diabetic mice exhibited high levels of MGO, AGEs, receptor for AGEs (RAGE), and collagen in serum and/or bladder tissues along with increased volume per void, all of which were reduced by ALT-711. Activation of the MGO-AGEs-RAGE pathway in the bladder wall contributes to the pathogenesis of diabetes-associated bladder dysfunction.