Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Int J Dev Neurosci. 2023 Dec;83(8):677-690. doi: 10.1002/jdn.10294. Epub 2023 Aug 10.
GBM, or glioblastoma multiforme, is a brain tumor that poses a great threat to both children and adults, being the primary cause of death related to brain tumors. GBM is often associated with epilepsy, which can be debilitating. Seizures and the development of epilepsy are the primary symptoms that have a severe impact on the quality of life for GBM patients. It is increasingly apparent that the nervous system plays an essential role in the tumor microenvironment for all cancer types, including GBM. In recent years, there has been a growing understanding of how neurotransmitters control the progression of gliomas. Evidence suggests that neurotransmitters and neuromodulators found in the tumor microenvironment play crucial roles in the excitability, proliferation, quiescence, and differentiation of neurons, glial cells, and neural stem cells. The involvement of neurotransmitters appears to play a significant role in various stages of GBM. In this review, the focus is on presenting updated knowledge and emerging ideas regarding the interplay between neurotransmitters and neuromodulators, such as glutamate, GABA, norepinephrine, dopamine, serotonin, adenosine, and their relationship with GBM and the seizures induced by this condition. The review aims to explore the current understanding and provide new insights into the complex interactions between these neurotransmitters and neuromodulators in the context of GBM-related seizures.
GBM，即胶质母细胞瘤，是一种严重威胁儿童和成人的脑肿瘤，是导致脑肿瘤相关死亡的主要原因。GBM 常伴有癫痫，这可能使人衰弱。癫痫发作和癫痫的发生是 GBM 患者生活质量受到严重影响的主要症状。越来越多的证据表明，神经系统在包括 GBM 在内的所有癌症类型的肿瘤微环境中都起着至关重要的作用。近年来，人们越来越了解神经递质如何控制神经胶质瘤的进展。有证据表明，肿瘤微环境中发现的神经递质和神经调质在神经元、神经胶质细胞和神经干细胞的兴奋、增殖、静止和分化中起着关键作用。神经递质的参与似乎在 GBM 的各个阶段都起着重要作用。在这篇综述中，重点介绍了关于神经递质和神经调质（如谷氨酸、GABA、去甲肾上腺素、多巴胺、血清素、腺苷等）之间相互作用的最新知识和新观点，以及它们与 GBM 及由该疾病引起的癫痫之间的关系。综述旨在探讨目前的认识，并为这些神经递质和神经调质在 GBM 相关癫痫中的复杂相互作用提供新的见解。
