Vázquez-Otero Coralia, Bekalu Mesfin A, Dhawan Dhriti, Viswanath Kasisomayajula
Department of Public Health, College for Health, Community and Policy, University of Texas at San Antonio, TX, USA.
Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
Prev Med Rep. 2023 Jul 22;35:102336. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102336. eCollection 2023 Oct.
People from low socioeconomic positions (SEP) are at a higher risk of smoking, face greater barriers to smoking cessation, and have lower access to health information. To improve tobacco-related health outcomes, policies requiring altering labeling on cigarette packs could be implemented. However, public support is needed to influence the policymaking process. We assessed factors associated with supporting tobacco-control communication policies. We analyzed data from Project CLEAR, a study conducted in Massachusetts. The analytic sample included participants who answered questions on their support for three policies: 1) graphic health warnings (GHWs), 2) Quitline number, and 3) smoking cessation information on cigarette packs (n = 357). Binomial logistic regression modeling was conducted by policy. Independent variables included demographic characteristics and smoking status. We found that younger vs. older individuals (aOR = 0.41, 95 %CI:0.23-0.72), males vs. females (aOR = 0.58, 95 %CI:0.35-0.96), and people who smoke vs. those who don't smoke (aOR = 0.41, 95 %CI:0.24-0.70) were less likely to support a law requiring GHWs. Participants with a low vs. higher level of education (aOR = 0.55, 95 %CI:0.32-0.95) were less likely to support a law requiring a Quitline number. Younger (18-39) vs. older individuals (aOR = 0.53, 95 %CI:0.29-0.94), males vs. females (aOR = 0.57, 95 %CI:0.34-0.96), and participants with a low vs. higher level of education (aOR = 0.56, 95 %CI:0.32-0.98) were less likely to support a law requiring cessation information on cigarette packs. Findings suggest that targeted theory-based public health and communication strategies should be developed to increase awareness and support towards policies that would help reduce cigarette smoking among people from low SEP to eliminate tobacco-related health inequities in the US.
社会经济地位较低的人群吸烟风险更高，戒烟面临更大障碍，获取健康信息的机会也更少。为改善与烟草相关的健康状况，可实施要求改变香烟包装标签的政策。然而，需要公众支持来影响政策制定过程。我们评估了与支持烟草控制传播政策相关的因素。我们分析了在马萨诸塞州进行的一项名为“清晰项目”的研究数据。分析样本包括回答了关于他们对三项政策支持情况问题的参与者：1）图形健康警告（GHW），2）戒烟热线号码，3）香烟包装上的戒烟信息（n = 357）。按政策进行二项逻辑回归建模。自变量包括人口统计学特征和吸烟状况。我们发现，年轻人与年长者相比（调整后比值比[aOR] = 0.41，95%置信区间[CI]：0.23 - 0.72）、男性与女性相比（aOR = 0.58，95%CI：0.35 - 0.96）以及吸烟者与不吸烟者相比（aOR = 0.41，95%CI：0.24 - 0.70），支持要求图形健康警告的法律的可能性较小。教育程度低与高的参与者相比（aOR = 0.55, 95%CI：0.32 - 0.95），支持要求设置戒烟热线号码法律的可能性较小。年轻人（18 - 39岁）与年长者相比（aOR = 0.53，95%CI：0.29 - 0.94）、男性与女性相比（aOR = 0.57，95%CI：0.34 - 0.96）以及教育程度低与高的参与者相比（aOR = 0.56，95%CI：0.32 - 0.98），支持要求在香烟包装上提供戒烟信息法律的可能性较小。研究结果表明，应制定有针对性的基于理论的公共卫生和传播策略，以提高对有助于减少社会经济地位较低人群吸烟的政策的认识和支持，从而消除美国与烟草相关的健康不平等现象。
