Commissiong J W, Toffano G
Brain Res. 1986 Aug 20;380(2):205-15. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(86)90215-5.
GM1 ganglioside, thyroxine and hydrocortisone were tested for their ability to improve the survival and growth of fetal locus coeruleus noradrenergic neurons in the transected, adult spinal cord. GM1 alone was also tested for its effect on fetal mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons implanted into a small dorsolateral cavity at the L2 region of the cord previously transected at the T9-T10 region. None of the substances tested had any measurable effect on either of the fetal implants. However, in the GM1- and thyroxine-treated animals the somatic dendrites of the axotomized, noradrenergic, coerulospinal neurons appeared more robust, and more intensely fluorescent, compared to their appropriate controls. GM1 also caused a pronounced sprouting of the axotomized monoaminergic (catecholaminergic and serotonergic) fibres in the rostral region of the cord adjacent to the transection site. All of the mesencephalic dopaminergic implants survived in both the GM1-treated animals and their saline-injected controls. However, their development was apparently not influenced by GM1. The results indicate that GM1 and thyroxine can enhance those aspects of the reactive mechanisms of mature, axotomized, noradrenergic coerulospinal neurons that promote their regeneration. As such, GM1 could become a useful tool in current attempts to foster the regeneration of damaged monoaminergic neurons in the mammalian CNS.
对GM1神经节苷脂、甲状腺素和氢化可的松改善经横断的成年脊髓中胎儿蓝斑去甲肾上腺素能神经元存活和生长的能力进行了测试。还单独测试了GM1对植入到先前在T9 - T10区域横断的脊髓L2区域小背外侧腔中的胎儿中脑多巴胺能神经元的影响。所测试的物质对任何一种胎儿植入物均无任何可测量的影响。然而，与相应的对照组相比，在接受GM1和甲状腺素治疗的动物中，轴突切断的去甲肾上腺素能蓝斑脊髓神经元的体树突显得更粗壮，荧光更强。GM1还导致在靠近横断部位的脊髓头端区域，轴突切断的单胺能（儿茶酚胺能和5-羟色胺能）纤维明显发芽。在接受GM1治疗的动物及其注射生理盐水的对照组中，所有中脑多巴胺能植入物均存活。然而，它们的发育显然不受GM1影响。结果表明，GM1和甲状腺素可以增强成熟的、轴突切断的去甲肾上腺素能蓝斑脊髓神经元反应机制中促进其再生的那些方面。因此，GM1可能成为目前促进哺乳动物中枢神经系统中受损单胺能神经元再生尝试中的一种有用工具。
