Veeravalli Rithik S, Vejandla Bhuvanasai, Savani Sarah, Nelluri Aditya, Peddi Nikhil Chowdary
Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, USA.
Emergency, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, USA.
Cureus. 2023 Jul 10;15(7):e41624. doi: 10.7759/cureus.41624. eCollection 2023 Jul.
The shortage of organs for transplantation is a global crisis, with an increasing demand and an inadequate supply of organ donors. The convergence of biology and engineering has led to the emergence of 3D bioprinting, which enables the precise and customizable construction of biological structures. Various 3D bioprinting techniques include inkjet printing, extrusion printing, and laser-assisted bioprinting (LAB). Although it has the potential for many benefits, 3D bioprinting comes with its own set of challenges and requirements, specifically associated with the bioprinting of various tissues. The challenges of bioprinting include issues with cells, bioinks, and bioprinters, as well as ethical concerns, clinical efficacy, and cost-effectiveness, making it difficult to integrate 3D bioprinting into widespread clinical practice. Three-dimensional bioprinting holds great promise in addressing the organ shortage crisis, and its applications extend beyond organ transplantation to include drug screening, disease modeling, and regenerative medicine. However, further research is needed to overcome the technical, biological, and ethical challenges associated with 3D bioprinting, paving the way for its widespread clinical implementation. This article discusses the processes and challenges of bioprinting as well as the current research direction in the field.
器官移植供体的短缺是一场全球危机，器官需求不断增加而供体供应不足。生物学与工程学的融合催生了3D生物打印技术，该技术能够精确且可定制地构建生物结构。各种3D生物打印技术包括喷墨打印、挤出打印和激光辅助生物打印（LAB）。尽管3D生物打印有诸多潜在益处，但它也面临着一系列自身的挑战和要求，特别是在各种组织的生物打印方面。生物打印的挑战包括细胞、生物墨水和生物打印机相关的问题，以及伦理问题、临床疗效和成本效益等，这使得将3D生物打印广泛应用于临床实践变得困难。三维生物打印在解决器官短缺危机方面具有巨大潜力，其应用范围不仅限于器官移植，还包括药物筛选、疾病建模和再生医学。然而，需要进一步研究以克服与3D生物打印相关的技术、生物学和伦理挑战，为其广泛的临床应用铺平道路。本文讨论了生物打印的过程和挑战以及该领域当前的研究方向。
