O'Shea K S
Brain Res Bull. 1986 Jun;16(6):833-44. doi: 10.1016/0361-9230(86)90079-1.
Neural tube closure defects occurred in 33% of the embryos obtained from matings of male mice heterozygous for a reciprocal chromosome translocation (T(2;4)1Sn) with normal female CFLP mice. Light and electron microscopic observations of neuroepithelium and mesenchyme in affected embryos indicated two distinct types of anomalies occurred. The first consisted of neuroepithelial hypertrophy and neural tube closure defects. These defects most frequently affected the midbrain and hindbrain, but occasional defects of the lumbosacral neural tube were also observed. Unlike the highly organized, pseudostratified neuroepithelium in control embryos, neuroepithelial cells became stratified and formed cell islands with secondary lumina within the wall of the neural tube. The second condition was associated with a reduction in neuroepithelial thickness, considerable neuroepithelial and neural crest cell death, basal lamina alterations and premature invasion of the neuroepithelium by subjacent endothelial cells. In both cases, the cephalic mesenchyme cells, rather than their normal stellate appearance, were markedly elongated in shape and reduced in area. The number of cell-cell contacts between mesenchymal cells was also reduced significantly. These results are discussed in light of recent theories regarding the role of mesenchyme and extracellular matrix in neurulation.
在雄性杂合 reciprocal 染色体易位（T(2;4)1Sn）的小鼠与正常雌性 CFLP 小鼠交配所获得的胚胎中，33%出现了神经管闭合缺陷。对受影响胚胎的神经上皮和间充质进行光镜和电镜观察表明，出现了两种不同类型的异常。第一种包括神经上皮肥大和神经管闭合缺陷。这些缺陷最常影响中脑和后脑，但也偶尔观察到腰骶部神经管的缺陷。与对照胚胎中高度有组织的假复层神经上皮不同，神经上皮细胞分层并在神经管壁内形成带有次级管腔的细胞岛。第二种情况与神经上皮厚度减少、大量神经上皮和神经嵴细胞死亡、基膜改变以及下方内皮细胞过早侵入神经上皮有关。在这两种情况下，头部间充质细胞的形状不是正常的星状，而是明显拉长且面积减小。间充质细胞之间的细胞 - 细胞接触数量也显著减少。根据最近关于间充质和细胞外基质在神经胚形成中作用的理论对这些结果进行了讨论。
