Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
Nicotine Tob Res. 2024 Jan 1;26(1):94-101. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntad149.
Secondhand smoke exposure during pregnancy is a significant cause of negative health effects. This study aims to identify barriers and facilitators for implementing a smoke-free home and car among expectant Israeli fathers.
Twenty-four qualitative semistructured telephone interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed according to a reflexive and collaborative thematic approach. Inclusion criteria were being male, Hebrew speaker, age ≥18 years, smoking at least one cigarette a day, and living with their nonsmoking pregnant spouse. The Capability, Opportunity and Motivation for Behavior (COM-B) model was used as a theoretical model for analysis.
Participants reported feeling a strong responsibility for their pregnant spouse's comfort and health, stating that they are doing the best they can to reduce their spouse's secondhand smoke exposure (Motivation). Participants had a low level of knowledge about specific secondhand smoke health consequences, effective strategies to reduce secondhand smoke exposure, with incorrect perceptions about what constitutes exposure (Capability). Couple relationships were not affected by the husband's smoking habits, and participants expressed mutual consideration and understanding (Opportunity). Participants also expressed positive attitudes regarding smoke-free home and car implementation but emphasized that any changes have to be their own decision (Motivation).
The present study identified principal Capability, Opportunity and Motivation barriers and facilitators that influence Israeli expectant fathers' decision to implement a smoke-free home and car. Those findings will inform the development of a digital behavioral intervention targeting expectant fathers to reduce prenatal secondhand smoke exposure.
Secondhand smoke exposure during pregnancy is a significant cause of negative health effects. Interventions among expectant fathers that focus on creating a smoke-free home and car may be effective because pregnancy has been identified as a "window of opportunity" that generates a strong motivation and creates a sense of urgency to change smoking behavior, while being considered more achievable than smoking cessation. Interventions might be effective if they focus on strengthening the parental responsibility among expectant fathers and emphasize the benefits of a smoke-free home and car, while maintaining male autonomy and increasing skills to effectively implement a smoke-free home and car.
孕妇在怀孕期间接触二手烟是造成负面健康影响的一个重要原因。本研究旨在确定以色列准父亲实施家庭和车内无烟环境的障碍和促进因素。
对 24 名进行了半结构式电话访谈的男性、希伯来语使用者、年龄≥18 岁、每天至少吸一支烟且与不吸烟的孕妇配偶同住的参与者进行了音频记录、转录和分析。根据反思性和协作性主题分析方法纳入标准。分析采用行为能力、机会和动机（Capability，Opportunity and Motivation for Behavior，COM-B）模型作为理论模型。
参与者表示，他们对孕妇配偶的舒适和健康负有强烈的责任感，称他们正在尽最大努力减少配偶的二手烟暴露（动机）。参与者对特定二手烟健康后果、减少二手烟暴露的有效策略的了解程度较低，对暴露的认识存在错误（能力）。夫妻关系不受丈夫吸烟习惯的影响，参与者表示相互考虑和理解（机会）。参与者还对家庭和车内无烟环境的实施表示了积极的态度，但强调任何改变都必须是他们自己的决定（动机）。
本研究确定了影响以色列准父亲决定实施家庭和车内无烟环境的主要能力、机会和动机障碍和促进因素。这些发现将为针对准父亲减少产前二手烟暴露的数字行为干预措施的制定提供信息。
孕妇在怀孕期间接触二手烟是造成负面健康影响的一个重要原因。针对准父亲实施的以创建无烟家庭和车内环境为重点的干预措施可能是有效的，因为怀孕被认为是一个“机会之窗”，会产生强烈的动机，并产生改变吸烟行为的紧迫感，同时被认为比戒烟更易实现。如果干预措施侧重于加强准父亲的父母责任感，强调无烟家庭和车内的好处，同时保持男性自主权并提高有效实施无烟家庭和车内的技能，那么干预措施可能会更加有效。
