Gallois Jean-Luc, German-Retana Sylvie
Inrae, GAFL, Montfavet, France.
UMR 1332, Biologie du fruit et pathologie, Inrae, Univ. Bordeaux, Équipe de Virologie, 71 avenue Edouard-Bourlaux, CS 20032, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon cedex, France.
Virologie (Montrouge). 2023 Aug 1;27(4):225-337. doi: 10.1684/vir.2023.1012.
Resistance to viruses is an important aspect of plant breeding. One way to achieve it is to select genetic resistances based on the susceptibility factors hijacked by the virus to infect the plants. Here, we recount work done on genes encoding translation initiation factors eIF4E, some of the most successful targets for obtaining resistance to potyviruses, starting from their characterization 20 years ago. With examples from different plant species, pepper, tomato, tobacco and arabidopsis, we present the basis of this type of resistances and their characteristics, highlighting the role of gene redundancy among 4E factors, their specificity for the virus and the need for the plant of a trade-off between resistance and development. Finally, we show how the new genome editing techniques could be used in plant breeding to develop eIF4E-based resistances in crops, mimicking the functional alleles that have been selected during evolution in many crops.
抗病毒能力是植物育种的一个重要方面。实现这一目标的一种方法是根据病毒劫持以感染植物的易感性因素来选择遗传抗性。在此，我们讲述了从20年前对其进行表征开始，在编码翻译起始因子eIF4E的基因方面所开展的工作，这些基因是获得对马铃薯Y病毒抗性的一些最成功的靶点。通过来自不同植物物种辣椒、番茄、烟草和拟南芥的实例，我们阐述了这类抗性的基础及其特征，强调了4E因子之间基因冗余的作用、它们对病毒的特异性以及植物在抗性与发育之间进行权衡的必要性。最后，我们展示了如何利用新的基因组编辑技术在植物育种中培育基于eIF4E的作物抗性，模仿许多作物在进化过程中所选择的功能等位基因。
