Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Acta Parasitol. 2023 Sep;68(3):690-698. doi: 10.1007/s11686-023-00704-y. Epub 2023 Aug 11.
The aim of this study was to identify Enterocytozoon bieneusi and Encephalitozoon spp. in fecal samples of HIV + /AIDS and cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, and comparing the results to healthy individuals in Mazandaran province, north of Iran.
Stool samples were collected from 50 HIV + /AIDS patients, 50 cancer patients, and 50 healthy samples referred to medical centers in north of Iran. Stool samples were kept in 2.5% potassium dichromate at 4 °C, and stained by modified trichrome for light microscopy examination. The multiplex/nested-PCR targeted the small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene. To characterize genotypes, the nested PCR products sequenced by Bioneer Company and was subjected to phylogenetic analyses.
Ten of 50 samples (20%) of HIV + /AIDS patients, 5 of 50 samples (10%) of cancer patients, and 1 of healthy individuals (2%) were microscopically positive. From 50 HIV + / AIDS patients, E. bieneusi and Encephalitozoon spp. were detected in 10 (20%) and 6 (12%) cases, respectively. Furthermore, among cancer patients, 7 (14%) and 2 (4%) cases were E. bieneusi and Encephalitozoon spp., respectively. Out of 50 samples of healthy individuals, only 3 (6%) cases of E. bieneusi were observed. The genotypes D and M were detected among positive samples of E. bieneusi.
E. bieneusi and then Encephalitozoon spp. are common intestinal microsporidia in HIV + /AIDS patients and cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy in Mazandaran province. E. bieneusi genotype D seems to be the predominant genotype in Mazandaran province. Due to the considerable prevalence of intestinal microsporidia, physicians are advised to pay more attention to this opportunistic infection in high-risk groups.
本研究旨在鉴定 HIV/AIDS 和接受化疗的癌症患者粪便样本中的肠微孢子虫和脑炎微孢子虫。并将结果与伊朗北部马赞达兰省的健康个体进行比较。
收集了来自伊朗北部医疗中心的 50 名 HIV/AIDS 患者、50 名癌症患者和 50 名健康个体的粪便样本。粪便样本保存在 2.5%重铬酸钾中，在 4°C 下用改良三色法进行光镜检查。多重嵌套 PCR 针对小亚基核糖体 RNA (SSU rRNA) 基因。为了鉴定基因型，嵌套 PCR 产物由 Bioneer 公司测序，并进行了系统发育分析。
50 名 HIV/AIDS 患者中有 10 名（20%）、50 名癌症患者中有 5 名（10%）和 1 名健康个体（2%）的粪便样本在显微镜下呈阳性。从 50 名 HIV/AIDS 患者中，分别在 10 名（20%）和 6 名（12%）患者中检测到肠微孢子虫和脑炎微孢子虫。此外，在癌症患者中，分别有 7 名（14%）和 2 名（4%）患者为肠微孢子虫和脑炎微孢子虫。在 50 名健康个体的样本中，仅观察到 3 名（6%）肠微孢子虫阳性病例。阳性样本中检测到肠微孢子虫基因型 D 和 M。
肠微孢子虫和脑炎微孢子虫是伊朗北部 HIV/AIDS 患者和接受化疗的癌症患者常见的肠道微孢子虫。肠微孢子虫基因型 D 似乎是马赞达兰省的主要基因型。由于肠道微孢子虫的患病率相当高，医生建议在高危人群中更加关注这种机会性感染。
