Chest Medicine, Lo-Tung Poh-Ai Hospital, No. 83, Nanchang Street, Luodong Township, Yilan County 265, Taiwan.
Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 6, West Sec. Chiapu Rd., Putzu City, Chiayi County 61363, Taiwan.
J Trace Elem Med Biol. 2023 Dec;80:127278. doi: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127278. Epub 2023 Aug 10.
Acute inflammatory or neuropsychiatric symptoms, such as headache, fatigue, anosmia, and hyposmia, sometimes persist for more than 30 days or longer than 12 weeks after infection with the Omicron variant of SARS‑CoV‑2 (hereafter referred to as COVID-19). The aim of this study was to determine whether detection of zinc concentration or vitamin D concentration could provide treatment benefits for patients with COVID-19, thus reducing the risk of them experiencing long COVID.
The interval between the date of COVID-19 diagnosis and the date of visit to pulmonary department for prolonged symptoms of COVID-19 was recorded for statistical analysis. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for detecting zinc and chemiluminescence immunoassay for detecting vitamin D were performed in laboratory tests.
Fifty-five patients were included. Of the participants, 29.1 % and 27.3 % had vitamin D and zinc deficiency, respectively. On average, the patients underwent long COVID treatment for 31.7 ± 17.7 days. A positive statistical correlation was observed between vitamin D and zinc concentrations (Pearson's correlation = 0.378). Compared with sufficient zinc levels, zinc deficiency was associated with a higher fibrinogen level (p < 0.05). Within 30 days, the observed vitamin D deficiency rate was only 21.4 %; after 30 days, the vitamin D deficiency rate rose to 37.0 % (McNemar's chi-square test; p < 0.05).
Zinc deficiency correlates to acute and persistent inflammation and vitamin D deficiency is associated with delayed recovery in long COVID syndrome.
感染 SARS-CoV-2 的奥密克戎变异株（以下简称 COVID-19）后，患者有时会出现超过 30 天或 12 周以上的急性炎症或神经精神症状，如头痛、疲劳、嗅觉丧失和嗅觉减退。本研究旨在确定检测锌浓度或维生素 D 浓度是否能为 COVID-19 患者提供治疗益处，从而降低他们出现长新冠的风险。
记录 COVID-19 诊断日期与因 COVID-19 延长症状而就诊于肺病科的日期之间的间隔，以便进行统计分析。实验室检测采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法检测锌，化学发光免疫分析法检测维生素 D。
共纳入 55 例患者。其中 29.1%和 27.3%的患者分别存在维生素 D 和锌缺乏。患者平均接受长新冠治疗 31.7±17.7 天。维生素 D 和锌浓度呈正相关（Pearson 相关系数=0.378）。与锌水平充足的患者相比，锌缺乏与更高的纤维蛋白原水平相关（p<0.05）。在 30 天内，观察到的维生素 D 缺乏率仅为 21.4%；30 天后，维生素 D 缺乏率上升至 37.0%（McNemar 卡方检验；p<0.05）。
锌缺乏与急性和持续性炎症相关，而维生素 D 缺乏与长新冠综合征的恢复延迟有关。
