Lorenzo Antonio, Kthupi Altea, Liu Weihan, Hamza Chloe, Todorova Antoaneta A, Kuburi Sarah, Ellis Anne K, Keown-Stoneman Charles, Fadel Shaza A, Gagnon France
Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Department of Applied Psychology and Human Development, Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Psychiatry Res. 2023 Sep;327:115401. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115401. Epub 2023 Jul 30.
This prospective longitudinal study measured sex-specific changes in depression, anxiety, and stress scores using, validated Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) in a cohort of 1445 post-secondary students (500 males, 945 females) assessed at three time points from December 2020 to January 2022. Participants were ascertained from a population of 15,585 students with in-person activities on campus at baseline and recruited from December 2020 to January 2021. We also assessed how sociodemographic characteristics influenced students' mental health outcomes. Inverse probability weighting was used to account for missing data and attrition. Linear mixed effects models were used to analyze the relationship between the mental health scores in each questionnaire, demographic and academic data, and public health stringency measured by the local stringency index. No change was observed in questionnaire scores over time for males and females, but the stringency index was significantly associated with increased stress. Being in a non-health-related-field or being white affected males and females differently for stress and anxiety, but not depression. Demographics tended to be more influential on females' mental health than males. In conclusion, mental health resource allocation in time of emerging pandemic could benefit from targeted interventions.
这项前瞻性纵向研究，在2020年12月至2022年1月的三个时间点，对1445名大专学生（500名男性，945名女性）组成的队列，使用经过验证的患者健康问卷-9（PHQ-9）、广泛性焦虑障碍-7（GAD-7）和感知压力量表（PSS），测量了抑郁、焦虑和压力得分的性别差异。参与者从基线时在校园内有面对面活动的15585名学生群体中确定，并于2020年12月至2021年1月招募。我们还评估了社会人口学特征如何影响学生的心理健康结果。采用逆概率加权法来处理缺失数据和损耗。使用线性混合效应模型分析每份问卷中的心理健康得分、人口统计学和学术数据，以及由当地严格指数衡量的公共卫生严格程度之间的关系。男性和女性的问卷得分随时间未观察到变化，但严格指数与压力增加显著相关。处于非健康相关领域或为白人，对男性和女性在压力和焦虑方面的影响不同，但对抑郁无影响。人口统计学特征对女性心理健康的影响往往比男性更大。总之，在新出现的大流行期间，心理健康资源分配可受益于有针对性的干预措施。
