Mass Spectrometry Resource, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Department of Medicine, Box 8127, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
Biochimie. 2023 Dec;215:88-99. doi: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.08.009. Epub 2023 Aug 9.
Great strides in the field of lipidomics driven by advances in mass spectrometry techniques in the last decade have moved lipid analysis to a new level and significantly improved our understanding of lipid biochemistry. Multiple stage mass spectrometry (MS) with high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) that allows sequential isolation, fragmentation, and recognition of ion structures, is a powerful tool for characterization of complex and diversified lipid in bacterial cells, in which lipids are often critical for cell aggregation and dissociation, and play important biological roles. In addition to common phospholipids, many bacteria contain unique lipids that are specific to the bacterium genus and even to the bacterium species. In this review, application of linear ion-trap (LIT) MS in the structural characterization of native bacterial lipids including (1) novel lipids consisting of many isomeric structures, (2) lipids with unique functional groups and modification, (3) complex sphingolipids, peptidolipids, and lipocyclopeptides from various bacteria are presented. LIT MS approach affords realization of the mechanisms underlying the fragmentation processes, resulting in identification of complex lipid structures that would be very difficult to define using other analytical methods.
过去十年中，质谱技术的进步推动了脂质组学领域的长足发展，将脂质分析提升到了一个新的水平，极大地增进了我们对脂质生物化学的理解。多级质谱（MS）联用高分辨率质谱（HRMS），可以对离子结构进行顺序分离、碎裂和识别，是鉴定细菌细胞中复杂多样的脂质的有力工具，而这些脂质通常对细胞聚集和解离至关重要，并发挥着重要的生物学作用。除了常见的磷脂外，许多细菌还含有独特的脂质，这些脂质是细菌属特有的，甚至是细菌种特有的。在这篇综述中，介绍了线性离子阱（LIT）MS 在天然细菌脂质结构表征中的应用，包括（1）由许多同分异构结构组成的新型脂质，（2）具有独特官能团和修饰的脂质，（3）来自不同细菌的复杂鞘脂、肽脂和脂环肽。LIT MS 方法能够实现碎裂过程的机制，从而鉴定出复杂的脂质结构，这是使用其他分析方法很难定义的。
