Adedara Isaac A, Atanda Oluwadarasimi E, Sant'Anna Monteiro Camila, Rosemberg Denis B, Aschner Michael, Farombi Ebenezer O, Rocha Joao B T, Furian Ana Flávia, Emanuelli Tatiana
Department of Food Science and Technology, Center of Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Camobi, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Human Toxicology Program, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
Environ Res. 2023 Nov 15;237(Pt 1):116869. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116869. Epub 2023 Aug 9.
Aflatoxin B (AFB), a dietary toxin from the mold Aspergillus species, is well acknowledged to elicit extra-hepatic toxicity in both animals and humans. The neurotoxicity of AFB has become a global public health concern. Contemporary research on how AFB enters the brain to elicit neuronal dysregulation leading to noxious neurological outcomes has increased greatly in recent years. The current review discusses several neurotoxic outcomes and susceptible targets of AFB toxicity at cellular, molecular and genetic levels. Specifically, neurotoxicity studies involving the use of brain homogenates, neuroblastoma cell line IMR-32, human brain microvascular endothelial cells, microglial cells, and astrocytes, as well as mammalian and non-mammalian models to unravel the mechanisms associated with AFB exposure are highlighted. Further, some naturally occurring bioactive compounds with compelling therapeutic effects on AFB-induced neurotoxicity are reviewed. In conclusion, available data from literature highlight AFB as a neurotoxin and its possible pathological contribution to neurological disorders. Further mechanistic studies aimed at discovering and developing effective therapeutics for AFB neurotoxicity is warranted.
黄曲霉毒素B（AFB）是一种来自曲霉菌属霉菌的膳食毒素，在动物和人类中均会引发肝外毒性，这一点已得到广泛认可。AFB的神经毒性已成为全球公共卫生关注的问题。近年来，关于AFB如何进入大脑引发神经元失调从而导致有害神经学后果的当代研究大幅增加。本综述在细胞、分子和基因水平上讨论了AFB毒性的几种神经毒性后果和易感靶点。具体而言，重点介绍了涉及使用脑匀浆、神经母细胞瘤细胞系IMR-32、人脑微血管内皮细胞、小胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞以及哺乳动物和非哺乳动物模型来揭示与AFB暴露相关机制的神经毒性研究。此外，还综述了一些对AFB诱导的神经毒性具有显著治疗作用的天然生物活性化合物。总之，文献中的现有数据表明AFB是一种神经毒素，及其对神经疾病可能的病理贡献。有必要开展进一步的机制研究，以发现和开发针对AFB神经毒性的有效治疗方法。
