A Systematic Review of Mesenchymal Epithelial Transition Factor () and Its Impact in the Development and Treatment of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer.

Lung cancer represents the leading cause of annual cancer-related deaths worldwide, accounting for 12.9%. The available treatment options for patients who experience disease progression remain limited. Targeted therapeutic approaches are promising but further understanding of the role of genetic alterations in tumorigenesis is imperative. The gene has garnered great interest in this regard. The aim of this systematic review was to analyze the findings from multiple studies to provide a comprehensive and unbiased summary of the evidence. A systematic search was conducted in the reputable scientific databases Embase and PubMed, leading to the inclusion of twenty-two articles, following the PRISMA guidelines, elucidating the biological role of in lung cancer and targeted therapies. The systematic review was registered in PROSPERO with registration ID: CRD42023437714. mutations were detected in 7.6-11.0% of cases while gene amplification was observed in 3.9-22.0%. Six studies showed favorable treatment outcomes utilizing inhibitors compared to standard treatment or placebo, with increases in PFS and OS ranging from 0.9 to 12.4 and 7.2 to 24.2 months, respectively, and one study reporting an increase in ORR by 17.3%. Furthermore, patients with a higher mutational burden may derive greater benefit from treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) than those with a lower mutational burden. Conversely, two studies reported no beneficial effect from adjunctive treatment with a targeted therapy. Given these findings, there is an urgent need to identify effective therapeutic strategies specifically targeting the gene in lung cancer patients.