Molnár Andrea Ágnes, Sánta Attila, Merkely Béla
Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2023 Jul 25;13(15):2470. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics13152470.
Right ventricular function strongly predicts cardiac death and adverse cardiac events in patients with cardiac diseases. However, the accurate right ventricular assessment by two-dimensional echocardiography is limited due to its complex anatomy, shape, and load dependence. Advances in cardiac imaging and three-dimensional echocardiography provided more reliable information on right ventricular volumes and function without geometrical assumptions. Furthermore, the pathophysiology of right ventricular dysfunction and tricuspid regurgitation is frequently connected. Three-dimensional echocardiography allows a more in-depth structural and functional evaluation of the tricuspid valve. Understanding the anatomy and pathophysiology of the right side of the heart may help in diagnosing and managing the disease by using reliable imaging tools. The present review describes the challenging echocardiographic assessment of the right ventricle and tricuspid valve apparatus in clinical practice with a focus on three-dimensional echocardiography.
右心室功能是预测心脏病患者心源性死亡和不良心脏事件的有力指标。然而，由于右心室解剖结构复杂、形态特殊且依赖负荷，二维超声心动图对其进行准确评估存在局限性。心脏成像技术和三维超声心动图的进展，无需进行几何假设就能提供有关右心室容积和功能更可靠的信息。此外，右心室功能障碍和三尖瓣反流的病理生理学常常相互关联。三维超声心动图能够对三尖瓣进行更深入的结构和功能评估。了解心脏右侧的解剖结构和病理生理学，有助于借助可靠的成像工具对疾病进行诊断和管理。本综述描述了临床实践中对右心室和三尖瓣装置进行超声心动图评估时所面临的挑战，重点是三维超声心动图。
