Department of Psychiatry and Tobacco Center of Regulatory Science, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Jul 27;20(15):6454. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20156454.
Research suggests consumers may misunderstand modified risk tobacco product (MRTP) claims. We examined the effects of nicotine content across four tobacco products with and without MRTP claims among a racially and ethnically diverse sample of adults who do and do not smoke. Adults ( = 1484) aged 21-65 completed an online experiment using a 2 × 2 × 4 mixed factorial design to examine the effects of tobacco product (Classic White Snus, IQOS, JUUL e-cigarette, and VLN cigarette) and nicotine content (high vs. low) stratified by MRTP claim (present vs. absent) across four outcomes: (1) likely to try (2) serious disease if used regularly, (3) least addictive, and (4) ease of quitting smoking. Not including an MRTP claim resulted in an increased likelihood of trying a product, decreased concern of serious disease, lower perceived addictiveness, and increased ease of quitting smoking. Participants selected low nicotine IQOS without a claim as the least likely to cause serious disease. Low nicotine JUUL, without a claim, was selected as least addictive and most likely to facilitate quitting. Intentions to try were highest for low nicotine JUUL. Participants selected low-nicotine products as less addictive than high nicotine products. Regulatory efforts should consider how MRTP claims interact with different product characteristics. Subtle differences exist across outcomes between racial and ethnic groups, which indicates that further research is warranted.
研究表明，消费者可能会误解改性风险烟草产品 (MRTP) 的声明。我们在一个包括吸烟者和不吸烟者在内的种族和民族多样化的成年人样本中，研究了具有和不具有 MRTP 声明的四种烟草产品的尼古丁含量对其的影响。年龄在 21 至 65 岁之间的成年人（n=1484）完成了一项在线实验，该实验采用 2×2×4 混合因子设计，检验了烟草产品（经典白鼻烟、IQOS、JUUL 电子烟和 VLN 卷烟）和尼古丁含量（高 vs. 低）对四个结果的影响：（1）尝试的可能性，（2）如果经常使用会导致严重疾病的可能性，（3）成瘾性最小，（4）戒烟的容易程度。不包括 MRTP 声明会增加尝试产品的可能性，降低对严重疾病的担忧，降低对成瘾性的感知，增加戒烟的容易程度。参与者选择了不带 MRTP 声明的低尼古丁 IQOS，认为其最不可能导致严重疾病。没有声明的低尼古丁 JUUL 被选为成瘾性最小、最有可能促进戒烟的产品。尝试低尼古丁 JUUL 的意愿最高。参与者选择低尼古丁产品的成瘾性低于高尼古丁产品。监管工作应考虑 MRTP 声明如何与不同的产品特性相互作用。不同种族和民族群体在结果之间存在细微差异，这表明需要进一步研究。
