Departments of Ophthalmology, Columbia University, 635 W. 165th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Departments of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, 635 W. 165th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Aug 2;24(15):12327. doi: 10.3390/ijms241512327.
The method of quantitative fundus autofluorescence (qAF) can be used to assess the levels of bisretinoids in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells so as to aid the interpretation and management of a variety of retinal conditions. In this review, we focused on seven retinal diseases to highlight the possible pathways to increased fundus autofluorescence. - and -associated diseases benefit from known mechanisms whereby gene malfunctioning leads to elevated bisretinoid levels in RPE cells. On the other hand, -associated disease (), retinitis pigmentosa (RP), central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC), acute zonal occult outer retinopathy (AZOOR), and ()-associated retinal degeneration all express abnormally high fundus autofluorescence levels without a demonstrated pathophysiological pathway for bisretinoid elevation. We suggest that, while a known link from gene mutation to increased production of bisretinoids (as in - and -associated diseases) causes primary elevation in fundus autofluorescence, a secondary autofluorescence elevation also exists, where an impairment and degeneration of photoreceptor cells by various causes leads to an increase in bisretinoid levels in RPE cells.
定量眼底自发荧光（qAF）方法可用于评估视网膜色素上皮（RPE）细胞中二聚视网膜的水平，从而有助于解释和管理各种视网膜疾病。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了七种视网膜疾病，以突出阐明可能导致眼底自发荧光增加的途径。-和-相关疾病受益于已知的机制，即基因功能障碍导致 RPE 细胞中二聚视网膜水平升高。另一方面，-相关疾病（）、色素性视网膜炎（RP）、中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变（CSC）、急性区域性隐匿性外层视网膜病变（AZOOR）和（）-相关视网膜变性都表现出异常高的眼底自发荧光水平，但没有证明二聚视网膜升高的病理生理途径。我们认为，虽然已知的基因突变与二聚视网膜产生增加之间存在联系（如-和-相关疾病），导致眼底自发荧光的原发性升高，但也存在继发性自发荧光升高，各种原因导致的光感受器细胞损伤和变性导致 RPE 细胞中二聚视网膜水平升高。
