Antonopoulou Efthimia, Kolygas Markos, Panteli Nikolas, Gouva Evangelia, Kontogeorgiou Panagiota, Feidantsis Konstantinos, Chatzopoulos Achilleas, Bitchava Konstantina, Zacharis Christos, Bonos Eleftherios, Giannenas Ilias, Skoufos Ioannis, Andreadis Stefanos S, Skoulakis Georgios, Athanassiou Christos G, Nathanailides Cosmas
Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
Department of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, 47100 Arta, Greece.
Animals (Basel). 2023 Aug 6;13(15):2537. doi: 10.3390/ani13152537.
This work assesses the dietary use of two insect meals of (TM) larvae reared in conventional (TM-10) or MAP-enriched substrates (MAP-TM-10) as fish meal replacements (10%) in the diets of gilthead seabream (). Fish ( = 4500; 207.19 ± 1.47 g) were divided into three groups with triplicates: control (fed conventional diet), TM-10, and MAP-TM-10 groups. The fish were reared in floating cages for 12 weeks and the dietary effects on white blood cell activation, heat shock proteins, MAPKs, and apoptosis of the fish were evaluated. The MAP-TM-10 group exhibited the highest eosinophilic induction. Phosphorylated levels of p38 MAPK, p44/42 MAPK, HSP70, and HSP90 increased in the TM-10 and MAP-TM-10 groups. In terms of apoptosis, Bax levels were lower in the TM groups compared to the control, and the MAP-TM-10 group showed even lower levels than the TM-10 group. Bcl-2 levels increased in the TM-10 group compared to the control, and further increased in the MAP-TM-10 group. The Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, an apoptosis indicator, decreased in the TM groups, with the MAP-TM-10 group showing a further decrease compared to TM-10. These findings suggest that insects' breeding substrate being enriched with MAPs modulated the effect of TM on cellular stress and apoptosis.
本研究评估了以常规基质（TM - 10）或富含MAP的基质（MAP - TM - 10）饲养的两种昆虫幼虫粉作为金头鲷日粮中鱼粉替代品（10%）的日粮使用情况。鱼（n = 4500；207.19 ± 1.47克）被分为三组，每组三个重复：对照组（喂食常规日粮）、TM - 10组和MAP - TM - 10组。鱼在浮动网箱中饲养12周，并评估日粮对鱼白细胞活化、热休克蛋白、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（MAPKs）和细胞凋亡的影响。MAP - TM - 10组表现出最高的嗜酸性粒细胞诱导。TM - 10组和MAP - TM - 10组中p38 MAPK、p44/42 MAPK、HSP70和HSP90的磷酸化水平升高。在细胞凋亡方面，与对照组相比，TM组的Bax水平较低，MAP - TM - 10组的水平甚至低于TM - 10组。与对照组相比，TM - 10组的Bcl - 2水平升高，MAP - TM - 10组进一步升高。作为细胞凋亡指标的Bax/Bcl - 2比值在TM组中降低，MAP - TM - 10组与TM - 10组相比进一步降低。这些发现表明，富含MAPs的昆虫饲养基质调节了TM对细胞应激和细胞凋亡的影响。
