In Silico and In Vitro Studies of 4-Hydroxycoumarin-Based Heterocyclic Enamines as Potential Anti-Tumor Agents.

The present study reports the one-step synthesis of several 3-formyl-4-hydroxycouramin-derived enamines (-) in good yields (65-94%). The characterization of the synthesized compounds was carried out via advanced analytical and spectroscopic techniques, such as melting point, electron impact mass spectrometry (EI-MS), H-NMR, C-NMR, elemental analysis, FTIR, and UV-Visible spectroscopy. The reaction conditions were optimized, and the maximum yield was obtained at 3-4 h of reflux of the reactants, using 2-butanol as a solvent. The potato disc tumor assay was used to assess -induced tumors to evaluate the anti-tumor activities of compounds (-), using Vinblastine as a standard drug. The compound showed the lowest IC value (1.12 ± 0.2), which is even better than standard Vinblastine (IC 7.5 ± 0.6). For further insight into their drug actions, an in silico docking of the compounds was also carried out against the CDK-8 protein. The binding energy values of compounds were found to agree with the experimental results. The compounds and showed the best affinities toward protein, with a binding energy value of -6.8 kcal/mol.