Moy Alistar, Czajka Karolina, Michael Paul, Nkongolo Kabwe
Biomolecular Sciences Program and Department of Biology, School of Natural Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada.
Plants (Basel). 2023 Aug 7;12(15):2889. doi: 10.3390/plants12152889.
Understanding the genetic response of plants to nickel stress is a necessary step to improving the utility of plants in environmental remediation and restoration. The main objective of this study was to generate whole genome expression profiles of exposed to nickel ion toxicity compared to reference genotypes. seedlings were screened in a growth chamber setting using a high concentration of 1600 mg of nickel per 1 kg of soil. RNA was extracted and sequenced using the Illumina platform, followed by de novo transcriptome assembly. Overall, 25,552 transcripts were assigned gene ontology. The biological processes in water-treated samples were analyzed, and 55% of transcripts were distributed among five categories: DNA metabolic process (19.3%), response to stress (13.3%), response to chemical stimuli (8.7%), signal transduction (7.7%) and response to biotic stimulus (6.0%). For molecular function, the highest percentages of genes were involved in nucleotide binding (27.6%), nuclease activity (27.3%) and kinase activity (10.3%). Sixty-two percent of genes were associated with cellular compartments. Of these genes, 21.7% were found in the plasma membrane, 16.1% in the cytosol, 12.4% with the chloroplast and 11.9% in the extracellular region. Nickel ions induced changes in gene expression, resulting in the emergence of differentially regulated categories. Overall, there were significant changes in gene expression with a total 4128 genes upregulated and 3754 downregulated genes detected in nickel-treated genotypes compared to water-treated control plants. For biological processes, the highest percentage of upregulated genes in plants exposed to nickel were associated with the response to stress (15%), the response to chemicals (11,1%), carbohydrate metabolic processes (7.4%) and catabolic processes (7.4%). The largest proportions of downregulated genes were associated with the biosynthetic process (21%), carbohydrate metabolic process (14.3%), response to biotic stimulus (10.7%) and response to stress (10.7%). For molecular function, genes encoding for enzyme regulatory and hydrolase activities represented the highest proportion (61%) of upregulated gene. The majority of downregulated genes were involved in the biosynthetic processes. Overall, 58% of upregulated genes were located in the extracellular region and the nucleus, while 42% of downregulated genes were localized to the plasma membrane and 33% to the extracellular region. This study represents the first report of a transcriptome from a conifer species treated with nickel.
了解植物对镍胁迫的基因反应是提高植物在环境修复和恢复中效用的必要步骤。本研究的主要目的是生成与参考基因型相比暴露于镍离子毒性下的植物全基因组表达谱。在生长室环境中，使用每1千克土壤含1600毫克镍的高浓度对幼苗进行筛选。提取RNA并使用Illumina平台进行测序，随后进行从头转录组组装。总体而言，25552个转录本被赋予了基因本体论。分析了水处理样品中的生物学过程，55%的转录本分布在五个类别中：DNA代谢过程（19.3%）、应激反应（13.3%）、对化学刺激的反应（8.7%）、信号转导（7.7%）和对生物刺激的反应（6.0%）。对于分子功能，最高比例的基因参与核苷酸结合（27.6%）、核酸酶活性（27.3%）和激酶活性（10.3%）。62%的基因与细胞区室相关。在这些基因中，21.7%存在于质膜中，16.1%存在于细胞质中，12.4%与叶绿体相关，11.9%存在于细胞外区域。镍离子诱导基因表达变化，导致出现差异调节类别。总体而言，与水处理对照植物相比，镍处理基因型中基因表达有显著变化，共检测到4128个基因上调和3754个基因下调。对于生物学过程，暴露于镍的植物中上调基因的最高比例与应激反应（15%）、对化学物质的反应（11.1%）、碳水化合物代谢过程（7.4%）和分解代谢过程（7.4%）相关。下调基因的最大比例与生物合成过程（21%）、碳水化合物代谢过程（14.3%）、对生物刺激的反应（10.7%）和应激反应（10.7%）相关。对于分子功能，编码酶调节和水解酶活性的基因占上调基因的最高比例（61%）。大多数下调基因参与生物合成过程。总体而言，58%的上调基因位于细胞外区域和细胞核中，而42%的下调基因定位于质膜，33%定位于细胞外区域。本研究是关于镍处理针叶树种转录组的首次报道。
