Früchtl Marion, Senz Andreas, Sydow Steffen, Frank Jonas Benjamin, Hohmann Andrea, Albrecht Stefan, Fischer Matthias, Holland Maximilian, Wilhelm Frederik, Christ Henrik-Alexander
Fraunhofer Institute for Casting, Composite and Processing Technology IGCV, Am Technologiezentrum 2, 86159 Augsburg, Germany.
Fraunhofer Institute for Wood Research Wilhelm-Klauditz-Institut WKI, Riedenkamp 3, 38108 Braunschweig, Germany.
Polymers (Basel). 2023 Jul 28;15(15):3205. doi: 10.3390/polym15153205.
This research focuses on exploring the potential of mycelium as a sustainable alternative to wood or solid foam in pultruded glass fiber-reinforced plastic (GFRP) sandwich profiles. The study evaluates the performance and the environmental sustainability potential of this composite by mechanical tests and life cycle assessment (LCA). Analysis and comparison of pultruded sandwich profiles with mycelium, polyurethane (PUR) foam and chipboard demonstrate that mycelium is competitive in terms of its performance and environmental impact. The LCA indicates that 88% of greenhouse gas emissions are attributed to mycelium production, with the heat pressing (laboratory scale) being the main culprit. When pultruded profiles with mycelium cores of densities 350 and 550 kg/m³ are produced using an oil-heated lab press, a global warming potential (GWP) of 5.74 and 9.10 kg CO-eq. per functional unit was calculated, respectively. When using an electrically heated press, the GWP decreases to 1.50 and 1.78 kg CO-eq. Compared to PUR foam, a reduction of 23% in GWP is possible. In order to leverage this potential, the material performance and the reproducibility of the properties must be further increased. Additionally, an adjustment of the manufacturing process with in situ mycelium deactivation during pultrusion could further reduce the energy consumption.
本研究聚焦于探索菌丝体作为拉挤玻璃纤维增强塑料（GFRP）夹芯型材中木材或实心泡沫的可持续替代材料的潜力。该研究通过力学测试和生命周期评估（LCA）来评估这种复合材料的性能和环境可持续性潜力。对含有菌丝体、聚氨酯（PUR）泡沫和刨花板的拉挤夹芯型材进行分析和比较表明，菌丝体在性能和环境影响方面具有竞争力。生命周期评估表明，88%的温室气体排放归因于菌丝体生产，热压（实验室规模）是主要原因。当使用油热实验室压机生产密度为350和550 kg/m³的含菌丝体芯的拉挤型材时，计算得出的每个功能单元的全球变暖潜能值（GWP）分别为5.74和9.10 kg CO₂-eq。当使用电加热压机时，GWP降至1.50和1.78 kg CO₂-eq。与PUR泡沫相比，GWP可降低23%。为了利用这一潜力，必须进一步提高材料性能和性能的可重复性。此外，调整制造工艺，在拉挤过程中使菌丝体原位失活，可以进一步降低能源消耗。
