Section of Academic General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92123, USA.
Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Naval Medical Center San Diego, San Diego, CA 92134, USA.
Nutrients. 2023 Jul 28;15(15):3350. doi: 10.3390/nu15153350.
As the obesity pandemic worsens, cases of pediatric nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and complications of this disease, such as progressive liver failure, in young adults will continue to rise. Lifestyle changes in the form of dietary modifications and exercise are currently first-line treatments. Large pediatric-specific randomized controlled trials to support specific interventions are currently lacking. A variety of dietary modifications in children with NAFLD have been suggested and studied with mixed results, including low-sugar and high-protein diets, the Mediterranean diet, and the Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH). The roles of dietary supplements such as Vitamin E, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), ginger, and probiotics have also been investigated. A further understanding of specific dietary interventions and supplements is needed to provide both generalizable and sustainable dietary recommendations to reverse the progression of NAFLD in the pediatric population.
随着肥胖症大流行的恶化，儿科非酒精性脂肪性肝病 (NAFLD) 病例以及这种疾病的并发症，如年轻成年人的进行性肝功能衰竭，将继续上升。目前，以饮食改变和运动形式的生活方式改变是一线治疗方法。目前缺乏支持具体干预措施的大型儿科特异性随机对照试验。已经提出并研究了各种针对儿童 NAFLD 的饮食改变，结果喜忧参半，包括低糖高蛋白饮食、地中海饮食和停止高血压的饮食方法 (DASH)。膳食补充剂如维生素 E、多不饱和脂肪酸 (PUFA)、姜和益生菌的作用也已被研究。需要进一步了解特定的饮食干预和补充剂，以便为逆转儿科人群 NAFLD 的进展提供具有普遍性和可持续性的饮食建议。
