Singh Hasandeep, Singh Rajanpreet, Singh Arshdeep, Singh Harshbir, Singh Gurpreet, Kaur Sarabjit, Singh Balbir
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India.
Arch Physiol Biochem. 2024 Dec;130(6):616-641. doi: 10.1080/13813455.2023.2243651. Epub 2023 Aug 11.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a huge global health issue and one of the most studied diseases, with a large global prevalence. Oxidative stress is a cytotoxic consequence of the excessive development of ROS and suppression of the antioxidant defense system for ROS elimination, which accelerates the progression of diabetes complications such as diabetic neuropathy, retinopathy, and nephropathy. Hyperglycaemia induced oxidative stress causes the activation of seven major pathways implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications. These pathways increase the production of ROS and RNS, which contributes to dysregulated autophagy, gene expression changes, and the development of numerous pro-inflammatory mediators which may eventually lead to diabetic complications. This review will illustrate that oxidative stress plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications, and the use of antioxidants will help to reduce oxidative stress and thus may alleviate diabetic complications.
糖尿病（DM）是一个巨大的全球健康问题，也是研究最多的疾病之一，全球患病率很高。氧化应激是活性氧过度产生以及清除活性氧的抗氧化防御系统受到抑制的细胞毒性后果，它加速了糖尿病并发症如糖尿病神经病变、视网膜病变和肾病的进展。高血糖诱导的氧化应激会激活与糖尿病并发症发病机制相关的七条主要途径。这些途径会增加活性氧和活性氮的产生，这会导致自噬失调、基因表达变化以及多种促炎介质的产生，最终可能导致糖尿病并发症。本综述将阐明氧化应激在糖尿病并发症的发病机制中起着至关重要的作用，使用抗氧化剂将有助于减轻氧化应激，从而可能缓解糖尿病并发症。
