Malinowska Anna M, Majcher Malgorzata, Hooiveld Guido Jej, Przydatek Hanna, Szaban Marta, Kurowiecka Agata, Schmidt Marcin
Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland; Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Department of Food Chemistry and Instrumental Analysis, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland.
J Nutr. 2023 Oct;153(10):2827-2841. doi: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.08.007. Epub 2023 Aug 10.
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are considered beneficial to human health. The associations between bacterial capacity to produce SCFAs, diet, and health are not fully understood.
We aimed to evaluate the capacity of human fecal microbiota to produce SCFAs and to metabolize soluble and insoluble fiber and to study its associations with human diet, anthropometric parameters, and carbohydrate and lipid metabolism.
A cross-sectional study was carried out with 200 adult participants. Diet was evaluated using food records. Capacity to produce acetate, butyrate, and propionate and to degrade soluble fiber were assessed in an ex vivo experiment where fecal samples were inoculated in a pectin-containing broth. Fecal β-glucosidase activity was measured to assess potential to degrade insoluble fiber.
The main dietary determinants of high capacity to metabolize fiber were high intake of vegetables, fruits, nuts, and seeds. After adjusting analyses for confounders, glucose and lipid parameters were not significantly associated with any of the studied microbial capacities, but the capacity to produce propionic acid was significantly associated with hip circumference (β = -0.018, P = 0.044), which was seen especially in people eating healthy.
We confirmed that high intake of fiber-rich products is positively associated with the capacity of fecal microbiota to degrade soluble and insoluble dietary fiber and that people eating healthy food might benefit from enhanced microbial capacity to produce propionic acid.
短链脂肪酸（SCFAs）被认为对人体健康有益。细菌产生SCFAs的能力、饮食与健康之间的关联尚未完全明确。
我们旨在评估人类粪便微生物群产生SCFAs以及代谢可溶性和不可溶性纤维的能力，并研究其与人类饮食、人体测量参数以及碳水化合物和脂质代谢的关联。
对200名成年参与者进行了一项横断面研究。通过食物记录评估饮食情况。在一项体外实验中，将粪便样本接种到含果胶的肉汤中，评估产生乙酸、丁酸和丙酸以及降解可溶性纤维的能力。测量粪便β-葡萄糖苷酶活性以评估降解不可溶性纤维的潜力。
纤维代谢能力高的主要饮食决定因素是蔬菜、水果、坚果和种子的高摄入量。在对混杂因素进行分析调整后，血糖和血脂参数与任何研究的微生物能力均无显著关联，但产生丙酸的能力与臀围显著相关（β = -0.018，P = 0.044），这在饮食健康的人群中尤为明显。
我们证实，富含纤维产品的高摄入量与粪便微生物群降解可溶性和不可溶性膳食纤维的能力呈正相关，并且食用健康食品的人可能会从增强的微生物产生丙酸的能力中受益。
